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Bhubaneswar
Ekamra-Kshetra, City of Temples | |
|---|---|
Metropolis | |
Skyline of Bhubaneswar Udayagiri Caves Rajarani Temple Nandankanan Zoological Park Lingaraja Temple Kalinga Stadium Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology | |
| Nicknames: Sports Capital of India Temple City of India Startup Hub of East India[1] | |
  Bhubaneswar Map showing Bhubaneswar in Odisha  Bhubaneswar Bhubaneswar (India)  Bhubaneswar Bhubaneswar (Asia)  Bhubaneswar Bhubaneswar (Earth) | |
| Coordinates: 20°16′N 85°50′E / 20.27°N 85.84°E | |
| Country |  India |
| State |  Odisha |
| District | Khordha |
| Founded by | Government of Odisha |
| Named for | Shiva |
| Government | |
| • Type | Municipal Corporation |
| • Body | Bhubaneswar Municipal Corporation (BMC) |
| • Member of Parliament | Aparajita Sarangi (BJP) |
| • Members of Legislative Assembly | Bhubaneswar Central : Shri Ananta Narayan Jena, BJD
Bhubaneswar North : Shri Susant Kumar Rout, BJD Ekamra Bhubaneswar : Shri Ashok Chandra Panda, BJD |
| • Mayor | Sulochana Das, BJD |
| • Municipal Commissioner | Vijay Amruta Kulange, IAS |
| • Commissioner of Police | Saumendra Kumar Priyadarshi, IPS |
| Area [2] | |
| • Metropolis | 186 km2 (72 sq mi) |
| • Metro [3][4] | 1,110 km2 (430 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 45 m (148 ft) |
| Population (2011)[5] | |
| • Metropolis | 837,321 |
| • Density | 4,500/km2 (12,000/sq mi) |
| • Metro [3][6][5] | 1,300,000 (60th) |
| Demonym(s) | Bhubaneswarites[7] Bhubaneswariya[8] |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Odia, English |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 751xxx, 752xxx, 754xxx |
| Telephone code | 0674, 06752 |
| Vehicle registration | OD-02 (South Bhubaneswar) OD-33 (North Bhubaneswar) |
| UN/LOCODE | IN BBI |
| Website | www www www |
Bhubaneswar (Odia: [ˈbʱubɔneswɔɾɔ] ⓘ) is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of Odisha, located in the Khordha district. The region, especially the old town, was historically often depicted as Chakra Kshetra and Ekamra Kshetra (Area adorned with a mango tree).[9] Bhubaneswar is dubbed the "Temple City", a nickname earned because of the 700 temples which once stood there.[10][11] In contemporary times, it has emerged as an education hub[12][13] and an attractive business destination.[14][15][16]
Although the modern city of Bhubaneswar was formally established in 1948, the history of the areas in and around the present-day city can be traced to the 7th century BCE and earlier. It is a confluence of Hindu, Buddhist and Jain heritage and includes several Kalingan temples, many of them from 6th–13th century CE. With Puri and Konark it forms the "Swarna Tribhuja" (lit. 'Golden Triangle'), one of Eastern India's most visited destinations.[17][18]
Bhubaneswar replaced Cuttack as the capital on 19 August 1949, two years after India gained its independence from Britain. The modern city was designed by the German architect Otto Königsberger in 1946. Along with Jamshedpur and Chandigarh, it was one of modern India's first planned cities.[19] Bhubaneswar and Cuttack are often referred to as the 'twin cities of Odisha'. The metropolitan area formed by the two cities had a population of 1.7 million in 2011.[20] The Bhubaneswar metro area has a population of around a million people, and is categorised as a Tier-2 city.[6] Bhubaneswar and Rourkela are the two cities in smart city mission from Odisha.
- ^ "This is Why Bhubaneswar is the Next Emerging Startup Destination of India – the Startup Journal". Archived from the original on 4 December 2018. Retrieved 4 December 2018.
- ^ ":: Bhubaneswar Municipal Corporation". www.bmc.gov.in.
- ^ a b "BSCL :: Bhubaneswar Smart City Limited". www.smartcitybhubaneswar.gov.in.
- ^ "___________ » Blog Archive » Bhubaneswar development plan area expands to 1000 sq km".
- ^ a b "BBSR (India): Union Territory, Major Agglomerations & Towns – Population Statistics in Maps and Charts". City Population. Retrieved 28 February 2019.
- ^ a b "The World's Cities in 2016" (PDF). United Nations. October 2016. p. 4. Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 January 2017. Retrieved 19 December 2019.
- ^ "Bhubaneswarites seek better urban mobility". 15 October 2015. Archived from the original on 21 December 2018. Retrieved 21 December 2018.
- ^ "'Amme Bhubaneswariya' goes viral on net". Archived from the original on 29 December 2017. Retrieved 6 April 2017.
- ^ "UNESCO World Heritage Centre – The Criteria for Selection". 20 October 2020. Archived from the original on 20 October 2020. Retrieved 6 December 2020.
- ^ Ring, T.; Salkin, R. M.; Schellinger, P.E.; Boda, S. L.; Watson, N.; Berney, K. A.; Hudson, C.; Hast, A.; Kulling, P. (1994). International Dictionary of Historic Places: Asia and Oceania. Fitzroy Dearborn. p. 121. ISBN 978-1-884964-04-6. Retrieved 31 October 2019.
- ^ D, S.C.B. (2014). India the Land of Gods. Author Solutions. p. 38. ISBN 978-1-4828-3655-4. Retrieved 31 October 2019.
- ^ "Bhubaneswar: Home to a bunch of reputed colleges and research institutes – The Economic Times". 18 August 2021. Archived from the original on 18 August 2021. Retrieved 18 August 2021.
- ^ "India's emerging education hubs: A look at the best cities to study in – The Economic Times". 18 August 2021. Archived from the original on 18 August 2021. Retrieved 18 August 2021.
- ^ "India's Startups Are Moving Into Smaller, Second Tier Cities – Why The Sudden Shift?". Forbes. 18 August 2021. Archived from the original on 18 August 2021. Retrieved 18 August 2021.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
:7was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Cite error: The named reference
:8was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Das, Piyush (2016). Memory of a Stream: Gandhabati, Sacred Cultural Landscape of Ekamara Kshetra (Bhubaneswar). New Delhi: Copal Publishing. p. 42. ISBN 978-9383419401.
- ^ Ramesh Prasad Mohapatra, Archaeology in Orissa, Vol I, Page 47, B. R. Publishing Corporation, Delhi, 1986, ISBN 81-7018-346-4.
- ^ BBSR Metropolitan/City Population section of "BBSR Population Sex Ratio in BBSR Literacy rate BBSR" (PDF). 2011 Census of India.
- ^ "Preface of the Comprehensive Development Plan for the Bhubaneswar-Cuttack Urban Complex" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 February 2013. Retrieved 3 October 2011.