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German term referting to several types of administrative divisions
The German term Bezirk (plural Bezirke, derived from Latin: circulus, "circle") translated as "district" can refer to the following types of administrative divisions:
Stadtbezirk, a subdivision of a city in the sense of a borough (e.g. in Berlin, Hamburg or Vienna), often again subdivided into several quarters and neighbourhoods. According to German Gemeindeordnung codes, the city council resolves upon the implementation by municipal by-law (Satzung). In some cities the Bezirke have limited powers delegated to them by the city's local government, including an assembly resulting from local elections and an own 'mayor' (Bürgermeister). In the German states of Hesse and Rhineland-Palatinate any municipality is authorized to implement Ortsbezirke with own advisory councils and local administrators. The state law in North Rhine-Westphalia commits the municipal administration of an independent city to subdivide the urban area into Stadtbezirke.
In Austria, the word Bezirk is used with different meanings in three different contexts:
Some of the tasks of the administrative branch of the national and regional governments are fulfilled by the 95 district captaincies (Bezirkshauptmannschaften, also translated as district administrative office). The area a district administrative office is responsible for is often, although informally, called a district (Bezirk). A number of statutory cities, currently 15, are not served by any district administrative office. Their respective municipal bureaucracies handle the tasks normally performed by the district administrative office.
The cities of Vienna and Graz are divided into municipal districts (Stadtbezirke), assisting the respective municipal governments.
From the point of view of the judiciary of Austria, the country is subdivided into 115 judicial districts (Gerichtsbezirke), each corresponding to one of the country's 115 lowest-level trial courts.
The Italian autonomous provinces of Trentino and South Tyrol, are divided into Bezirksgemeinschaften (Italian: comunità comprensoriali).
The districts of Switzerland are called Bezirke in several cantons. In Switzerland as a federal state, every canton is free to implement its own administrative structure. The intermediate administrative level above the Swiss municipalities is also referred to as Verwaltungsregion or Verwaltungskreis, Wahlkreis, Amtei or Amt, as well as French: districts in Suisse romande and Italian: distretto in Svizzera italiana. In Schwyz, the six historic Bezirke are self-governing bodies, some with regional Landsgemeinde assemblies, similar to the municipal Kreise of Graubünden. The six Bezirke of Appenzell Innerrhoden are identically equal to municipalities.
Historically the primary administrative divisions of East Germany from 1952 were called Bezirke. They were implemented by an administrative reform to supersede the East German federated states of Brandenburg, Mecklenburg, Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt and Thuringia. The capital East Berlin was officially equated by resolution of the State Council of East Germany in 1961. Though legislative assemblies (Bezirkstage) and executive councils (Räte) existed, the Bezirke according to the top-down principle of democratic centralism enjoyed no autonomy nor any self-governing rights. They were abolished by law which the East German People's Chamber passed in 1990 on the eve of the German reunification.
During the Second World War, a special administrative division of Nazi Germany was officially classified as "Bezirk": Bezirk Bialystok.
Look up Bezirk in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. The German term Bezirk (plural Bezirke, derived from Latin: circulus, "circle") translated as "district"...
The Bezirk Dresden was a district (Bezirk) of East Germany that lasted from 1952 to 1990. Dresden would be reabsorbed back into Saxony after the reunification...
The Bezirk Rostock was a district (Bezirk) of East Germany. The administrative seat and the main town was Rostock. The district was established, with...
The Bezirk Schwerin was a district (Bezirk) of East Germany. The administrative seat and the main town was Schwerin. The district was established, with...
The Bezirk Erfurt was a district (Bezirk) of East Germany. The administrative seat and the main town was Erfurt. The district was established, along with...
The Bezirk Halle was a district (Bezirk) of East Germany. The administrative seat and the main town was Halle. The district was established, with the...
Bezirk Lothringen (today's French: Présidence de la Lorraine, at the time translated into French: Département de la Lorraine i.e. Department of Lorraine)...
The Bezirk Frankfurt, also Bezirk Frankfurt (Oder), was a district (Bezirk) of East Germany. The administrative seat and the main town was Frankfurt (Oder)...
The Bezirk Gera was a district (Bezirk) of East Germany. The administrative seat and main town was Gera. The district was established, with the other 13...
The Bezirk Magdeburg was a district (Bezirk) of East Germany. The administrative seat and the main town was Magdeburg. The district was established, with...
The Bezirk Potsdam was a district (Bezirk) of East Germany. The administrative seat and the main town was Potsdam. The district was established, with...
The Bezirk Neubrandenburg was a district (Bezirk) of East Germany. The administrative seat and the main town was Neubrandenburg. The district was established...
The Bezirk Suhl was a district (Bezirk) of East Germany. The administrative seat and the main town was Suhl. The district was established, with the other...
The Bezirk Leipzig was a district (Bezirk) of East Germany that would last from 1952 to 1990. Leipzig would be reabsorbed into Saxony after the reunification...
Treptow (German pronunciation: [ˈtʁeːptoː]) was a former borough in the southeast of Berlin. It merged with Köpenick to form Treptow-Köpenick in 2001....
Reinickendorf (German pronunciation: [ˈʁaɪnɪkn̩ˌdɔʁf] ) is the twelfth borough of Berlin. It encompasses the northwest of the city area, including the...
Bezirk Cottbus was a district (Bezirk) of the German Democratic Republic (East Germany). The administrative seat and main town was Cottbus. The district...
Pankow (German: [ˈpaŋkoː] ) is the most populous and the second-largest borough by area of Berlin. In Berlin's 2001 administrative reform, it was merged...
The Bezirk Reutte is an administrative district (Bezirk) in Tyrol, Austria. It borders Bavaria (Germany) in the north, the districts Imst and Landeck...
East Berlin (German: Ost-Berlin; pronounced [ˈɔstbɛʁˌliːn] ) was the partially recognised capital city of East Germany (GDR) from 1948 to 1990, although...
Lichtenberg (German: [ˈlɪçtn̩ˌbɛʁk] ) is the eleventh borough of Berlin, Germany. In Berlin's 2001 administrative reform it absorbed the former borough...
The Bezirk Landeck (Italian: Distretto di Landeck) is an administrative district (Bezirk) in Tyrol, Austria. It borders the district Reutte in the north...
Donaustod; "Danube City") is the 22nd district of Vienna, Austria (German: 22. Bezirk, Donaustadt). Donaustadt is the eastern district of Vienna. The Donaustadt...
"Mary's help") is the 6th municipal district of Vienna, Austria (German: 6. Bezirk). It is near the center of Vienna and was established as a district in 1850...