This article is about the biblical event and its liturgical commemoration. For other uses, see Beheading of John the Baptist (disambiguation).
Beheading of Saint John the Baptist
Salome with the Head of John the Baptist by Caravaggio, National Gallery, London, c. 1607–1610
Decollation of Saint John the Baptist
Beheading of the Forerunner
Venerated in
Catholic Church
Eastern Orthodox Church
Oriental Orthodox Church
Anglican Communion
Feast
29 August (Translation of Relic)
Attributes
The severed head of Saint John the Baptist on a round silver platter, often held by Salome or Herod Antipas
Salome and the Apparition of the Baptist's Head by Gustave Moreau. Watercolor painting, 1876. Now in Musée d'Orsay, Paris, France.Icon of the Beheading of John the Baptist (Museum of Icons, Recklinghausen)
The beheading of John the Baptist, also known as the decollation of Saint John the Baptist or the beheading of the Forerunner, is a biblical event commemorated as a holy day by various Christian churches. According to the New Testament, Herod Antipas, ruler of Galilee under the Roman Empire, had imprisoned John the Baptist because he had publicly reproved Herod for divorcing his first wife and unlawfully taking his sister-in-law (his brother's wife) as his second wife Herodias. He then ordered him to be killed by beheading.
As a non-Biblical source, Jewish historian Josephus also recounts that Herod had John imprisoned and killed, stating, however, that the real reason Herod had for doing so was "the great influence John had over the people", which might persuade John "to raise a rebellion (for they seemed ready to do anything he should advise)". Josephus further states that many of the Jews believed that the military disaster that later on fell upon Herod was God's punishment for his unrighteous behavior towards John.[1]
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