The battle of the Mérida pocket, also known as the closing of the Mérida pocket (Spanish: Cierre de la bolsa de Mérida),[1] was a military engagement which took place during the Spanish Civil War in July 1938 in La Serena zone of Badajoz Province, Extremadura.
The Nationalist command engineered an offensive which aimed at wiping out a large Republican salient, potentially threatening the only railway line connecting rebel-held León and Andalusia. The Nationalists planned a pincer movement from the north and from the south of the salient. They grouped 7 infantry divisions against 4 divisions of the Republicans. The campaign was carried out successfully during 5 days and with no major battle having been fought. It left one Republican division trapped in the pocket and few others suffering significant losses.
The engagement was neither among the largest battles of the Spanish Civil War nor the one which became a milestone in its history.[2] The Nationalists removed a threat to their logistics and seized some 5,000 square km, though the battle did not turn into a major breakthrough which decided the fate of the conflict. Its relevance was soon eclipsed by the onset of the Battle of the Ebro, which started when the Merida pocket was being closed and which turned into the largest battle of the war.[3] However, the Battle of the Mérida pocket merits attention as a unique example of pincer strategy employed during the war, since most offensives of the conflict were carried out by means of a frontal assault.
^José Manuel Martínez Bande, La batalla de Pozoblanco y el cierre de la bolsa de Mérida, Madrid 1981, ISBN 9788471401953
^even fairly detailed monographs, dedicated to the Spanish Civil War, might not contain a single reference to the battle, compare e.g. Antony Beevor, The Battle for Spain. The Spanish Civil War 1936-1939, London/New York 2012, ISBN 9781780224534
^Francisco Alía Miranda, Angel Ramón del Valle Calzado & Olga M. Morales Encinas, La guerra civil en Castilla-La Mancha, 70 años después. p. 515
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