Global InformationBattle of Changshao information
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (August 2017) |
| Battle of Changshao | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 The overall situation of Spring and Autumn period during the Battle of Changshao | |||||||
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
| State of Qi | State of Lu | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
| Unknown (not mentioned in the history record) |
Duke Zhuang of Lu Cao Gui | ||||||
The Battle of Changshao (Chinese: 長勺之戰) was a military conflict between Qi and Lu, two major principality states in the Shandong Peninsula during the Spring and Autumn Period of Zhou dynasty. The battle happened in the January (lunar calendar) of 684 BC at Changshao. Lu claimed the victory under the lead of general Cao Gui (曹劌). This battle is described in detail by Zuo Qiuming in his Spring and Autumn Commentary of Zuo (Zuozhuan), but it is not mentioned in Sima Qian's book of Shi Ji. This battle is considered as a classic example of winning by good military strategies, and the well-known chengyu 一鼓作氣 (yī gŭ zuò qì, lit: "first drum creates spirit", explained below) was derived from Cao Gui's assessment of the battle, as recorded by the Zuozhuan.