One of the major approaches to the measurement of absolute poverty in developing countries
The basic needs approach is one of the major approaches to the measurement of absolute poverty in developing countries globally. It works to define the absolute minimum resources necessary for long-term physical well-being, usually in terms of consumption goods. The poverty line is then defined as the amount of income required to satisfy the needs of the people. The "basic needs" approach was introduced by the International Labour Organization's World Employment Conference in 1976.[1][2] "Perhaps the high point of the WEP was the World Employment Conference of 1976, which proposed the satisfaction of basic human needs as the overriding objective of national and international development policy. The basic needs approach to development was endorsed by governments and workers' and employers' organizations from all over the world. It influenced the programmes and policies of major multilateral and bilateral development agencies, and was the precursor to the human development approach."[1][2]
A traditional list of immediate "basic needs" is food (including water), shelter and clothing.[3] Many modern lists emphasize the minimum level of consumption of "basic needs" of not just food, water, clothing and shelter, but also transportation (as proposed in the Third talk of Livelihood section of Three Principles of the People) sanitation, education, and healthcare. Different agencies use different lists.
The basic needs approach has been described as consumption-oriented, giving the impression "that poverty elimination is all too easy."[4] Amartya Sen focused on 'capabilities' rather than consumption.
In the development discourse, the basic needs model focuses on the measurement of what is believed to be an eradicable level of poverty. Development programs following the basic needs approach do not invest in economically productive activities that will help a society carry its own weight in the future, rather they focus on ensuring each household meets its basic needs even if economic growth must be sacrificed today.[5] These programs focus more on subsistence than fairness. Nevertheless, in terms of "measurement", the basic needs or absolute approach is important. The 1995 world summit on social development in Copenhagen had, as one of its principal declarations that all nations of the world should develop measures of both absolute and relative poverty and should gear national policies to "eradicate absolute poverty by a target date specified by each country in its national context."[6]
^ ab"The World Employment Programme at ILO" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-03-19. Retrieved 2013-06-19.
^ abRichard Jolly (October 1976). "The World Employment Conference: The Enthronement of Basic Needs". Development Policy Review. A9 (2): 31–44. doi:10.1111/j.1467-7679.1976.tb00338.x.
^Denton, John A. (1990). Society and the official world: a reintroduction to sociology. Dix Hills, N.Y: General Hall. p. 17. ISBN 978-0-930390-94-5.
^Dharam Ghai (June 1978). "Basic Needs and its Critics". Institute of Development Studies. 9 (4): 16–18. doi:10.1111/j.1759-5436.1978.mp9004004.x.
^Derrill D. Watson II (2014). "Poverty and Basic Needs". Encyclopedia of Food and Agricultural Ethics. Springer Netherlands: 1529–1535. doi:10.1007/978-94-007-6167-4_442-1. ISBN 978-94-007-6167-4. S2CID 227020230.
^"United Nations Division for Sustainable Development-Sustainable Development Issues - Poverty". United Nations. Archived from the original on 26 July 2008. Retrieved 2008-06-20.
The basicneeds approach is one of the major approaches to the measurement of absolute poverty in developing countries globally. It works to define the...
to basicneeds, humans also have needs of a social or societal nature such as the human need to socialise or belong to a family unit or group. Needs can...
absolute poverty compares income against the amount needed to meet basic personal needs, such as food, clothing, and shelter; relative poverty measures when...
is sufficient to meet a person's basicneeds (i.e., at or above the poverty line), it is sometimes called a full basic income; if it is less than that...
the satisfaction of basic human needs as the overriding objective of national and international development policy. The basicneeds approach to development...
rise above the poverty line. Basicneeds theory does not focus on investing in economically productive activities. Basicneeds can be used as an indicator...
expressed needs through prior planning and discussions of moral and social issues surrounding the needs. Basicneeds are defined as the most basicneeds required...
scope of their basicneeds to reach their full potential. Maslow suggested that people are initially motivated by a series of basicneeds, called the hierarchy...
all below the poverty line is the daily stress over basicneeds. "The stress of meeting basicneeds takes all precedent in the family, and children learn...
Retrieved February 2, 2023. "How can I meet my husband's basicneeds?". Institute in Basic Life Principles. October 21, 2011. Archived from the original...
the villagers, and satisfying basicneeds is only the third stage. The organization insists on understanding the real needs of a peaceful, sustainable society...
BasicNeeds is a global mental health organization working to improve the lives of people living with mental illness or epilepsy. In July 2017, It was merged...
presented a speech to the United States Congress in which he extolled four basic consumer rights, later called the Consumer Bill of Rights. The United Nations...
the other human needs. Human needs as identified by Maslow: At the bottom of the hierarchy are the "basicneeds or physiological needs" of a human being:...
can enter into a binding contract to procure their own basicneeds. However, when a child's needs are not provided by a parent, the child is often deemed...
In the context of an HTTP transaction, basic access authentication is a method for an HTTP user agent (e.g. a web browser) to provide a user name and...
drinking water being the base ingredient for many of them. In addition to basicneeds, drinks form part of the culture of human society. In a commercial setting...
such as SmallBasic, yabasic, Bywater BASIC, nuBasic, MyBasic, Logic Basic, Liberty BASIC, and wxBasic emerged. FutureBASIC and Chipmunk Basic meanwhile targeted...
power that is significantly less than what is needed to meet basic household and industrial needs. Nigeria has twenty-three (23) power-generating plants connected...
well basicneeds are met John Curtis Gowan Juan Antonio Pérez López, spontaneous and rational motivation Manfred Max-Neef's Fundamental human needs Maslow's...
of consumer's rights and interests are: The right to satisfaction of basicneeds The right to safety The right to be informed The right to choose The...
percent of the world's population live in poverty and struggle to meet basicneeds such as health, education, and access to water and sanitation. Extreme...
they had been deemed "unbecoming" for a free man, as they minister to basicneeds. Johannes Scotus Eriugena (9th century) divided them into seven parts:...
Global Information