Fluctuations in the density of the normal matter of the universe
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In cosmology, baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) are fluctuations in the density of the visible baryonic matter (normal matter) of the universe, caused by acoustic density waves in the primordial plasma of the early universe. In the same way that supernovae provide a "standard candle" for astronomical observations,[1] BAO matter clustering provides a "standard ruler" for length scale in cosmology.[2]
The length of this standard ruler is given by the maximum distance the acoustic waves could travel in the primordial plasma before the plasma cooled to the point where it became neutral atoms (the epoch of recombination), which stopped the expansion of the plasma density waves, "freezing" them into place. The length of this standard ruler (≈490 million light years in today's universe[3]) can be measured by looking at the large scale structure of matter using astronomical surveys.[3] BAO measurements help cosmologists understand more about the nature of dark energy (which causes the accelerating expansion of the universe) by constraining cosmological parameters.[2]
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Perlmutter, S.; et al. (1999). "Measurements of Ω and Λ from 42 High-Redshift Supernovae". The Astrophysical Journal. 517 (2): 565–586. arXiv:astro-ph/9812133. Bibcode:1999ApJ...517..565P. doi:10.1086/307221. S2CID 118910636.
^ ab
Eisenstein, D. J. (2005). "Dark energy and cosmic sound". New Astronomy Reviews. 49 (7–9): 360. Bibcode:2005NewAR..49..360E. doi:10.1016/j.newar.2005.08.005. OSTI 987204.
^ ab
Eisenstein, D. J.; et al. (2005). "Detection of the Baryon Acoustic Peak in the Large-Scale Correlation Function of SDSS Luminous Red Galaxies". The Astrophysical Journal. 633 (2): 560–574. arXiv:astro-ph/0501171. Bibcode:2005ApJ...633..560E. doi:10.1086/466512. S2CID 4834543.
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matter (see technical definition section above) – dark matter. Baryonacousticoscillations (BAO) are fluctuations in the density of the visible baryonic...
measure the expansion of the universe using Type Ia supernovae, baryonacousticoscillations, the number of galaxy clusters, and weak gravitational lensing...
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recombination, existing pressure waves within the electron-baryon plasma—known as baryonacousticoscillations—became embedded in the distribution of matter as...
Daniel Eisenstein and Wayne Hu, he introduced the idea of using baryonacousticoscillations as a standard ruler. With Angelica de Oliveira-Costa and Andrew...
measurements from WMAP, new supernova surveys ESSENCE and SNLS, and baryonacousticoscillations from SDSS and WiggleZ, continue to be consistent with the standard...
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percent-level precision (see baryonacousticoscillations). The scale does depend on cosmological parameters like the baryon and matter densities, and the...
; Villela, T.; Wang, B. (2021-08-19). "The BINGO project. I. Baryonacousticoscillations from integrated neutral gas observations". Astronomy & Astrophysics...
(72–75 km/s/Mpc) and from the cosmic microwave background and baryonacousticoscillation data (67–68 km/s/Mpc). Other work has found no evidence for this...
will measure the expansion history of the universe using the baryonacousticoscillations (BAO) imprinted in the clustering of galaxies, quasars, and the...
will use three independent techniques to probe dark energy: baryonacousticoscillations, observations of distant supernovae, and weak gravitational lensing...
matter plus dark matter plus massive neutrinos) The detection of Baryonacousticoscillations, and as a consequence the relationship between the density of...
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of distance called the luminosity distance. Standard candle Baryonacousticoscillations - standard ruler Standard siren Angular diameter distance Parallax...
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