Coin of Azes I (c. 48/47 – 25 BCE).Obv: Azes I in military dress, on a horse, with couched spear. Greek legend: BASILEOS BASILEON MEGALOU AZOU "of the Great King of Kings Azes".
The "Azes era" (also known as the Aja or Ajasa era, Prakrit: Ayasa vaṣaye)[1] starting 47/46 BCE,[2] was named after the Indo-Scythian king, "King Azes the Great" or Azes I. As a number of inscriptions are dated in this era it is of great importance in dating the reigns of several kings and events in early Indian history.
Earlier, some scholars believed that the Azes era was same as the Vikrama Samvat (57 BCE) used in the Indian subcontinent. However, this was disputed by Robert Bracey following discovery of an inscription of Vijayamitra, which is dated in two eras.[3] Research by Falk and Bennett (2009) shows that these two were indeed separate eras, and that the Azes era can be dated with a high degree of likelihood to 47 BCE, or c. 48/47 or 47/46 BCE, depending on whether it began in the spring or the autumn.[4][2]
It is now thought that the Azes era was probably created by Azes as a continuation of the Arsacid era which started in 247 BCE and marked the foundation of the Parthian Empire,[5] year 1 of Azes corresponding exactly to year 201 of the Arsacid era.[2]
The Azes era was recently connected to the Yavana era thanks to the Rukhana reliquary inscription.
^"Silk Road Art and Archaeology". Journal of the Institute of Silk Road Studies, Kamakura. 9. The Institute: 49. 2003.
^ abcFalk, Harry (2007). "Ancient Indian Eras: An Overview". Bulletin of the Asia Institute. 21: 136. JSTOR 24049367.
^Alf Hiltebeitel (2011). Reading the Fifth Veda: Studies on the Mahābhārata. BRILL. p. 103. ISBN 978-90-04-18566-1.
^Falk and Bennett (2009), pp. 197-215.
^"The "Arsacid" era – Encyclopaedia Iranica". www.iranicaonline.org. Encyclopedia Iranica.
after the Indo-Scythian king, "King Azes the Great" or Azes I. As a number of inscriptions are dated in this era it is of great importance in dating the...
dates to Azes's reign, and suggests that the era may have been begun by Azes himself. Most popular historians date the start of the Azesera to 58 BC...
inscription means that the Azesera started 128 years after the beginning of the Yavana era. At the time of the discovery, the Azesera being generally dated...
believed that the Vikram Samvat corresponded to the Azesera of the Indo-Scythian (Śaka) king King Azes. This was disputed by Robert Bracey after the discovery...
several eras of the period, and especially a confirmation of a Yavana era (Yoṇaṇa vaṣaye) in relation to the Azesera, that is "Azesera= Yavana era - 128...
the Azesera. The inscription would thus have a date of 70 or 69 BCE. Some other authors have also suggested the date is counted in the Maues era (circa...
relationship between several eras of the period, and especially gives confirmation of a Yavana era in relation to the Azesera: "In the twenty-seventh -...
Senior considered that these dates might correspond to the much earlier Azesera instead. Rapson, E. J. (Edward James) (1908). Catalogue of the coins of...
Senior considered that these dates might correspond to the much earlier Azesera instead. Also the father of each king is systematically mentioned in the...
contained coins of the Indo-Scythian king Azes II, though recent research by Robert Senior indicates Azes II never existed and finds attributed to his...
Senior considered that these dates might correspond to the much earlier Azesera instead. During his reign, the Abhiras became increasingly important. Some...
School, was found in a chaitya hall mentioning the date of "the 134th year of Azes," which corresponds to 77 CE. Small stupas were found inside the monasteries...
numerous Buddhist donations recorded in Kharosṭḥī inscriptions dated in the era of Azes. Although most of these inscriptions lack specific provenance, the domain...
Pontifex Maximus. Approximate date – Pyramid of Cestius erected in Rome. King Azes II dies. The rule of the Indo-Scythians crumbles as the Kushans, one of the...
relationship between several eras of the period, and especially gives confirmation of a Yavana era in relation to the Azesera. He was the son of king Vijayamitra...
marches to Asia Minor. Sextus is caught in Miletus and executed without trial. Azes I, Indo-Scythian ruler, completes the domination of the Scythians in northern...
'limit to which' is the latest possible date of a non-punctual event (period, era, etc.), whereas a terminus a quo 'limit from which' is the earliest. The...
probably writes his Commentaries in this year. Possible first year of the Azes I Era. Iullus Antonius, son of Mark Antony and Fulvia; consul 10 BC (d. 2 BC)...
in his right hand, in a style consistent with that of Azes II (who possibly is identical with Azes I). On the reverse, Athena makes a benediction gesture...
devotee within foliage has been found which had a reliquary and a coin of Azes II buried at its base, securely dating the sculpture to earlier than 20 BCE...
Paul; Dunhill, Alexander M.; Allen, Bethany J.; Riel-Salvatore, Julien; Aze, Tracy (2021). "Climate change research and action must look beyond 2100"...
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