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Azawad conflict
Part of Northern Mali conflict
Date
27 June 2012 – present
Location
Azawad, Northern Mali
Status
Ongoing
MNLA Independence hijacked by Islamists
Northern Mali ceded to Malian government
MNLA-Malian conflict
Tuareg-Fulani secretarial violence
Belligerents
Coordination of Azawad Movements (CMA)[1]
National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad (MNLA)
High Council for the Unity of Azawad (HCUA)
MAA-CMA
GATIA (2023–present)[2]
Al-Qaeda
Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin (2017–present)
Al-Mourabitoun (2013–17)
Ansar Dine (2012–17)[3]
AQIM (2012–17)
MOJWA (2011–13)[4][5]
Nigerian jihadist volunteers (2012–13)
Boko Haram (2012–13)[6]
Ansaru (2012–13)[6]
Islamic State
Islamic State Sahil Province
Commanders and leaders
Mahmoud Ag Aghaly Bilal Ag Acherif (WIA) Moussa Ag Acharatoumane Ag Mohamed Najem Moussa Ag Attaher Machkanani Ag Balla Bouna Ag Tahib † Wari Ag Ibrahim †
Ahmed Ould Sidi Muhammed Boubacar Taleb
Iyad Ag Ghaly Mokhtar Belmokhtar † Abdelhamid Abou Zeid †[7][8] Abdelmalek Droukdel †[9] Ahmed al-Tilemsi †[5] Omar Ould Hamaha †[10] Ba Ag Moussa †
The Azawad conflict has been a conflict in Northern Mali between the MNLA, a Tuareg nationalist group, and a coalition of Islamist groups. The conflict began when Northern Mali declared itself independent from the government, creating the unrecognized state of Azawad. The Islamists and MNLA formed an alliance in combatting the Malian government. An internal conflict sprung up over the imposing of sharia law in the new state and the MNLA distancing itself from the coalition to a democratic state. Islamists gained popularity amongst anti-Tuareg tribes which helped them overthrow MNLA authority in Gao. Both sides clashed repeatedly leading to the Battle of Gao, where the MNLA were driven from the North's two main cities, Gao and Timbuktu. The MNLA soon lost all of its strongholds in the North in a matter of months. They went into hiding secretly gaining support and strength. The beginning of 2013 led to the start of the French intervention in Mali that ousted the Islamists from the North's cities and brought back Malian authority. The MNLA supported the French and Chadian forces in military operations against Islamists' sanctuaries in the mountains. The MNLA recaptured several important towns in the Kidal Region but refused to disarm or hand them over to the Malian government. A series of Islamist-sponsored terror attacks plagued MNLA forces for siding with the French. Checkpoints and bases were targeted with suicide bombings that targeted MNLA members. A peace deal was reached with the Malian army in June that let the army transverse freely in MNLA-occupied zones that were under Malian jurisdiction. Ethnic violence sprung over the murder of a Tuareg Government officer's family. The MNLA responded by harassing and murdering Fulani civilians, who constitute a majority of Islamist rebels. The Islamists stepped up their attacks in one such instance massacring 30 Tuareg merchants. The MNLA has since been battling Islamists.
^"Mali's Azawad movements unite in a bid to pressure the ruling junta". Africanews. 9 February 2023. Retrieved 2023-04-13.
^"Tuaregs from Northern Mali call for the 'fall of the junta'". RFI. 2023-09-20. Retrieved 2023-09-25.
^"Gunfire breaks out as Tuareg rebels enter northern Mali city". montrealgazette.com. 31 March 2012. Retrieved 1 April 2012.[dead link]
^"Tuareg-jihadists alliance: Qaeda conquers more than half of Mali". middle-east-online.com. 4 April 2012. Archived from the original on 9 November 2013. Retrieved 6 April 2012.
^ ab"Islamist group claims responsibility for Mali attack that killed 5". reuters.com. 7 March 2015. Retrieved 7 March 2015.
^ abComolli (2015), pp. 28, 103, 171.
^"France confirms death of Islamist commander Abou Zeid". bbc.com. 23 March 2013. Retrieved 23 March 2013.
^"L'Elysée et l'armée française ne confirment pas la mort d'Abou Zeid". lemonde.fr. 28 February 2013. Retrieved 1 March 2013.
^"Al-Qaeda chief in north Africa Abdelmalek Droukdel killed – France". BBC News Online. 5 June 2020. Retrieved 6 June 2020.
^"French air strikes kill wanted Islamist militant 'Red Beard' in Mali". reuters.com. 14 March 2014. Retrieved 14 March 2014.
Azawadconflict has been a conflict in Northern Mali between the MNLA, a Tuareg nationalist group, and a coalition of Islamist groups. The conflict began...
boxes, or other symbols instead of Tifinagh letters. Azawad, or Azawagh (Tuareg: Azawaɣ, or Azawad; Arabic: أزواد), was a short-lived unrecognised state...
autonomy for northern Mali, which they called Azawad. The National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad (MNLA), an organization fighting to make this...
ongoing armed conflicts that are taking place around the world. This list of ongoing armed conflicts identifies present-day conflicts and the death toll...
Liberation of Azawad or the Azawad National Liberation Movement (Tamasheq: ⵜⴰⵏⴾⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵎⴰⵙⵜ ⴹ ⴰⵙⵍⴰⵍⵓ ⵏ ⴰⵣⴰⵓⴰⴷ, romanized: Tankra n Tumast ḍ Aslalu n Azawad; Arabic:...
Movement of Azawad (Arabic: الحركة العربية الأزوادية, French: Mouvement arabe de l’Azawad; MAA) is an Arab military organization active in Azawad/northern...
Movement for the Liberation of Azawad (MNLA) The High Council for the Unity of Azawad (HCUA) A faction of the Arab Movement of Azawad (MAA) active in and around...
however, failed to prevent further conflict. In December 1991 FIAA joined the United Movements and Fronts of Azawad (MFUA), which would then sign the National...
representatives who sought a peaceful resolution to the conflict. Ag Intalla called on the MNLA and the Azawad Islamic Movement (MIA) to join the HCA on the day...
Kaocen Revolt 1990–1995 First Azawad insurgency April 11, 2002 – ongoing Insurgency in the Maghreb 2007–2009 Second Azawad insurgency 2012 Tuareg Rebellion...
Salvation of Azawad (French: Mouvement pour le salut de l'Azawad; abbreviated MSA) is a Tuareg political movement and armed group in Azawad, Mali. It was...
Movement for the Liberation of Azawad (MNLA) and president of a briefly independent Azawad. He was president of Azawad from April to July of 2012 before...
National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad declared the independence of Azawad from Mali. In the course of the conflict the MNLA lost their control to Islamist...
in the north, and in April declared the secession of a new state, Azawad. The conflict was complicated by a military coup in March 2012 and later fighting...
Mali conflict. The meeting was facilitated and moderated by the Centre for Humanitarian Dialogue (HD), chaired by High Council for Unity of Azawad (HCUA)...
Tuareg rebellion may refer to various armed conflicts involving the Tuareg people of the northern parts of Mali and Niger and the western parts of Libya:...
the National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad proclaimed to be the independent nation-state of Azawad on 6 April 2012. This independence has not been...
during the Northern Mali conflict. 16 January - 17 January: Battle of Menaka between the National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad (MNLA) and the army...
state of Azawad was proclaimed, the National Movement for the Liberation of Azawad took control of the governor's building, flying the flag of Azawad over...
April 8, 2012 Malian coup d'état June 27, 2012 — ongoing Internal conflict in Azawad June 26, 2012 — June 27, 2012 Battle of Gao November 16, 2012 — November...
Council under the same role. Following the resurgence in conflict between the Coordination of Azawad Movements and Malian junta under Assimi Goïta in 2023...
since 2012, and established a temporarily de facto independent state called Azawad, which identified itself as Berber. The Amazigh World Congress (CMA, Congrès...
Mahjar-Barducci, Anna (6 July 2012). "MNLA: The Fight For A Secular State Of Azawad – Part II: Fighting Terror In The Sahel". Inquiry & Analysis Series Report...
of Azawad (MSA) fighters. Eastern Mali, in particular Ménaka Cercle, came under control of the Tuareg militia Movement for the Salvation of Azawad in...
Global Information
GATIA (2023–present)[2]
Ahmed Ould Sidi Muhammed
Iyad Ag Ghaly
Ba Ag Moussa †
