This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Avian sleep" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR(June 2020) (Learn how and when to remove this message)
In birds, sleep consists of "periods of eye closure interrupted by short periods of eye-opening."[This quote needs a citation] During the short periods of eye-opening, electroencephalographic (EEG) studies indicate that the birds are still sleeping; the voltage level in the brain is identical.[1] Birds restore their arousal thresholds during sleep. During their short eye-open periods, sleeping birds can mobilize almost instantaneously when threatened by a predator. Avian species have been found to rely on flock size and height for predatory precautions.[1] Between the eye-opening and group sleep, these precautions allow sleep to be beneficial and safe.
The amount of sleep necessary to function can vary by species. Pectoral sandpipers migrate from the Southern Hemisphere to the Arctic Circle, their mating ground (where they breed during daylight. Since the sandpipers are polygamous, they mate (or search for a mate) for the duration of daylight. Males do not require as much sleep during this time; some have been observed to give up 95 percent of their sleep time during the nineteen mating days.[2] Most act similarly to humans when sleep-deprived, getting them into potentially life-threatening situations or slowing their migration speed.[3]
^ abLesku, J. & Rattenborg, N. (2014). "Avian sleep". Current Biology. 24 (1): R12–R14.
^Lendrem, D. W. (June 3, 2006). "Sleeping and vigilance in birds, II. An experimental study of the Barbary dove (Streptopelia risoria)".
^Jiang, Y.; Chai, Y.; Yang, F.; Xu, S.; Basner, M.; Detre, J. A.; Dinges, D. F. & Rao, H. (2018). "Effects Of Sleep Deprivation And Recovery Sleep On Human Brain Network Organization". Sleep. 41 (suppll): A85–A86.
humans when sleep-deprived, getting them into potentially life-threatening situations or slowing their migration speed. The typical avian nervous system...
at least 64 bird species, though may have harmed many more species. Aviansleep Biodiversity loss Climate change and birds Glossary of bird terms List...
decade results mounted that insects do sleep, and that this resembles mammalian and aviansleep. Nonetheless, sleep scientists continued to not accept these...
Rapid eye movement sleep (REM sleep or REMS) is a unique phase of sleep in mammals (including humans) and birds, characterized by random rapid movement...
Norell, Mark A. (2004). "A new troodontid dinosaur from China with avian-like sleeping posture" (PDF). Nature. 431 (7010). London: Nature Research: 838–841...
The avian brain is the central organ of the nervous system in birds. Birds possess large, complex brains, which process, integrate, and coordinate information...
neuroscience of sleep is the study of the neuroscientific and physiological basis of the nature of sleep and its functions. Traditionally, sleep has been studied...
Intra-"cortical" activity during avian non-REM and REM sleep: variant and invariant traits between birds and mammals. Sleep 42, zsy230. Steriade, M., & Llinás...
featherbeds), pillows and sleeping bags. The discovery of feathers trapped in ancient amber suggests that some species of non-avian dinosaur likely possessed...
described as "two eyes with wings". Birds are theropod dinosaurs, and the avian eye resembles that of other sauropsids, with ciliary muscles that can change...
Fennoscandia" (PDF). Avian Ecology and Behaviour. 19: 33–64. Ketterson, E. D., and V. Nolan. 1985. Intraspecific variation in avian migration: evolutionary...
gland produces melatonin, a serotonin-derived hormone, which modulates sleep patterns following the diurnal cycles. The shape of the gland resembles...
that form a distinctive outer covering, or plumage, on both avian (bird) and some non-avian dinosaurs and other archosaurs. They are the most complex integumentary...
Hypnos (/ˈhɪpnɒs/; Ancient Greek: Ὕπνος, 'sleep'), also spelled Hypnus, is the personification of sleep; the Roman equivalent is known as Somnus. His...
been considered to be non-avian dinosaurs, but also includes some dinosaurs of disputed status (avian? or non-avian?, where "avian" refers to the clade Avialae)...
and has a correspondingly greater number of cornua. Amphibians and non-avian reptiles may have many cornua, while mammals (including humans) have two...
valid for the avian brain. The structures assumed to be critical for consciousness in mammalian brains have homologous counterparts in avian brains. Thus...
placed in Passeri. Most passerines are smaller than typical members of other avian orders. The heaviest and altogether largest passerines are the thick-billed...
Behavioural Genetics and Evolutionary Ecology, Clemens Küpper Research Group AvianSleep, Niels Rattenborg Research Group Neural Circuits for Vocal Communication...
Borate buffered saline, in biochemistry Breeding bird survey, to monitor avian populations Bachelor of Business Studies, an academic degree Bronze Bauhinia...
winter can kill large numbers of sparrows. The house sparrow hosts avian pox and avian malaria, which it has spread to the native forest birds of Hawaii...
(2020-06-09). "Lunar synchronization of daily activity patterns in a crepuscular avian insectivore". Ecology and Evolution. 10 (14): 7106–7116. doi:10.1002/ece3...
of sleep: REM sleep (with dreaming) and NREM (non-REM, usually without dreaming) sleep, which repeat in slightly varying patterns throughout a sleep episode...
Norell, M.A. (2004). "A new troodontid dinosaur from China with avian-like sleeping posture" (PDF). Nature. 431 (7010): 838–41. Bibcode:2004Natur.431...
of the distinctive six-layer neocortical structure. Evidence suggest the avian pallium to be broadly equivalent to the mammalian neocortex. In a similar...
Global Information