Aureolysin (EC 3.4.24.29, protease III, staphylococcal metalloprotease,Staphylococcus aureus neutral proteinase) is an extracellular metalloprotease expressed by Staphylococcus aureus.[1][2][3][4][5] This protease is a major contributor to the bacterium's virulence, or ability to cause disease, by cleaving host factors of the innate immune system as well as regulating S. aureus secreted toxins and cell wall proteins.[6][7] To catalyze its enzymatic activities, aureolysin requires zinc and calcium which it obtains from the extracellular environment within the host.[6][7]
^Arvidson, S. (1973). "Studies on extracellular proteolytic enzymes from Staphylococcus aureus. II. Isolation and characterization of an EDTA-sensitive protease". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 302 (1): 149–157. doi:10.1016/0005-2744(73)90017-x. PMID 4632563.
^Saheb SA (1976). "Purification and characterization of an extracellular protease from Staphylococcus aureus inhibited by EDTA". Biochimie (in French). 58 (7): 793–804. doi:10.1016/s0300-9084(76)80310-0. PMID 823980.
^Drapeau GR (November 1978). "Role of metalloprotease in activation of the precursor of staphylococcal protease". Journal of Bacteriology. 136 (2): 607–13. doi:10.1128/JB.136.2.607-613.1978. PMC 218585. PMID 711676.
^Potempa J, Porwit-Bobr Z, Travis J (December 1989). "Stabilization vs. degradation of Staphylococcus aureus metalloproteinase". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects. 993 (2–3): 301–4. doi:10.1016/0304-4165(89)90181-5. PMID 2512988.
^Potempa J, Shaw LN (2013-01-01). Rawlings ND, Salvesen G (eds.). Handbook of Proteolytic Enzymes. Academic Press. pp. 563–569. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-382219-2.00114-9. ISBN 9780123822192.
^ abLaarman, Alexander J.; et al. (April 2011). "Staphylococcus aureus Metalloprotease Aureolysin Cleaves Complement C3 To Mediate Immune Evasion". Journal of Immunology. 186 (11): 6445–6453. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1002948. PMID 21502375.
^ abPietrocola, Giampiero; et al. (30 August 2017). "Staphylococcus aureus Manipulates Innate Immunity through Own and Host-Expressed Proteases". Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology. 7: 166. doi:10.3389/fcimb.2017.00166. PMC 5418230. PMID 28529927.
is largely co-expressed with the other major proteases of S. aureus: aureolysin, staphopain A, and staphopain B. The transcription of ssp, that occurs...
aureus, for example, is dependent of activation by the metalloprotease aureolysin, and is itself needed for activation of staphopain B. GluSE, GluSW and...
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