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The Assize of Clarendon was an act of Henry II of England in 1166 that began a transformation of English law and led to trial by jury in common law countries worldwide, and that established assize courts.
Prior systems for deciding the winning party in a case, especially felonies, included trial by ordeal, trial by battle, or trial by compurgation (trial by oath), in which evidence, inspection, and inquiry was made under oath by laymen, knights or ordinary freemen. After the Assize of Clarendon trial by jury developed, though some historians say beginnings of the jury system predate this act.[1] The Assize of Clarendon did not lead to this change immediately; recourse to trial by combat was not officially rescinded until 1819, though by then it had fallen out of use.
The assize takes its name from Clarendon Palace, Wiltshire, the royal hunting lodge at which it was promulgated.
^cf. the debate between Stubbes, Powicke, and Maitland, "The Jury of Presentment and the Assize of Clarendon", N. Hurnard (1941), English Historical Review vol. 56, no. 223, pp. 374–410.
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The AssizeofClarendon was an act of Henry II of England in 1166 that began a transformation of English law and led to trial by jury in common law countries...
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The assizes (/əˈsaɪzɪz/), or courts ofassize, were periodic courts held around England and Wales until 1972, when together with the quarter sessions...
dispossessed. It was one of the so-called "petty (possessory) assizes" established by Henry II in the wake of the AssizeofClarendonof 1166; and like the...
was the location of the AssizeofClarendon which developed the Constitutions ofClarendon. It now lies within the grounds ofClarendon Park. There is evidence...
The Grand Assize (or Assizeof Windsor) was a legal instrument set up in 1179 by King Henry II of England, to allow tenants to transfer disputes over...
the body of a prisoner for the purposes of "testifying". Habeas corpus originally stems from the AssizeofClarendonof 1166, a re-issuance of rights during...
in the form of a letter addressed to the Registrar of that particular court. AssizeofClarendon Close Roll B. A. Garner, A Dictionary of Modern Legal...
the 1166 AssizeofClarendon – probably around 1179 – Henry introduced the writ of darrein presentment, to provide a speedy judgement in cases of advowson...
recognized by Article 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights. In English law, this right was developed by the AssizeofClarendon in 1166 (a judge would...
determine the guilt of a defendant. Other methods of trial continued, including trial by combat and trial by ordeal. After the AssizeofClarendon in 1166, royal...
bishops of England 1164 AssizeofClarendon 1166 Charter of Henry II granting Meath to Hugh of Lassy 1172 Assizeof Northampton 1176 Assizeof Arms 1181...
to attend the hundred court "on behalf of all"; in the 1166 AssizeofClarendon, "four of the more lawful men of each vill" were required to present malefactors...
since the AssizeofClarendon in 1166. With the emergence of the legal profession in the thirteenth century, lawyers, guarding the safety of the lives...
enjoyed in the AssizeofClarendon (end to arbitrary arrest, a professional and independent judiciary) and in Magna Carta (due process of law)".[citation...
a small number of judges who lived in Westminster and traveled throughout the kingdom. Henry II also instituted the AssizeofClarendon in 1166, which...
question asked of them. The AssizeofClarendonof 1166 required that juries of presentment identify those "accused or notoriously suspect of being a robber...
Conquest in the form of Henry's various assizes and the growth of case law. In 1166, the AssizeofClarendon established the supremacy of royal courts over...
action at the time of the 1166 AssizeofClarendon. Anglo-Saxon precedents for the tourn, in the form of exceptional shrieval holdings of the hundred court...
constitutional documents: it is found in the AssizeofClarendon and the Assizeof the Forest, both in the reign of Henry II., but in neither case in its modern...
over the administration of justice. As part of his AssizeofClarendonof 1166, he required the construction of prisons, where the accused would stay while...
Henry II of England at Constitutions ofClarendon. 1164 AssizeofClarendon, 1166 Richard the Lionheart at Laws of Richard I (Coeur de Lion) Concerning...
Henry enacts the AssizeofClarendon, reforming the law, underpinning the importance of jury trial and defining the legal duties of sheriffs. Anglo-Norman...
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