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Aqualtune Ezgondidu Mahamud da Silva Santos
Born
Kingdom of Kongo
Died
1675
Issue
Ganga Zumba
Gana Zona
Sabina
House
Kongo
Aqualtune (fl. 1665-75) was a Kongo princess who was the daughter of an unidentified Manikongo. According to the tradition, she was the mother of Ganga Zumba and the maternal grandmother of Zumbi.[1]
In 1665, Aqualtune led a force of ten thousand Kongo men and women in the Battle of Mbwila, where she was captured in defeat.[1][2] She was then transported to the Port of Recife, a warehouse and sugar mill. She was purchased as a breeding slave, and was later sold to a mill in Porto Calvo, already pregnant.[3] She then escaped her enslavement, reaching the Palmares quilombo. She then became the leader of the Subupuira quilombo, which was northeast of the capital of the Palmares. She had two sons, Ganga Zumba and Gana Zona, who both took on leadership roles in the Palmares. Zumbi was the child of her daughter Sabina. Her fate and later life is unknown, dying a mysterious death in 1675.[4]
^ abda Costa, Maria Suely. "REPRESENTAÇÕES DE LUTA E RESISTÊNCIA FEMININA NA POESIA POPULAR" (PDF). III CONEDU Congresso Nacional De Educacao (in Portuguese). Universidade Estadual da Paraíba. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 28, 2017. Retrieved May 2, 2018.
^Schwarz-Bart, Simone; Schwarz-Bart, André (2001). In Praise of Black Women: Heroines of the slavery era. Univ of Wisconsin Press. pp. 7–9. ISBN 9780299172602.
^"The story of the Kongo princess who led 10,000 men into battle and was later enslaved by the Portuguese". Face2Face Africa. 2018-06-29. Retrieved 2020-10-08.
^Casoy, Julio (2009-02-07). "BLACK HISTORY MONTH: BLACK HEROINES, PART 2: AQUALTUNE: AN ENSLAVED CONGO PRINCESS". BEAUTIFUL, ALSO, ARE THE SOULS OF MY BLACK SISTERS. Retrieved 2020-10-08.
Aqualtune (fl. 1665-75) was a Kongo princess who was the daughter of an unidentified Manikongo. According to the tradition, she was the mother of Ganga...
"Great Lord" (in Kimbundu). Ganga is said to have been the son of princess Aqualtune, daughter of an unknown king of Kongo. She led a battalion at the Battle...
a sister of Ganga Zumba, who is said to have been the son of princess Aqualtune, daughter of an unknown King of Kongo. It is unknown if Zumbi's mother...
them was Aqualtune, a former Angolan princess and general enslaved during a Congolese war. Shortly after reaching Brazil, the pregnant Aqualtune escaped...
to most of them. But at some point before 1670, the sons of princess Aqualtune (who led a battalion during the battle), Ganga Zumba, his brother Ganga...
of Antonio I. Ganga Zumba, King (ruled 1630–1678). A son of Princess Aqualtune, daughter of an unidentified king of Kongo. She was present at the Battle...
have been in command of the army while her son Ahmose I was still young. Aqualtune was a princess of Kongo who led an army of ten thousand in the Battle...
alleging that her mother had been a kidnapped and enslaved white woman. Aqualtune Ezgondidu Mahamud da Silva Santos (died 1677), princess of Kongo, mother...
features prominent Black Brazilian women such as Antonieta de Barros, Aqualtune, Carolina Maria de Jesus, Dandara dos Palmares, Esperança Garcia, Eva...