Cladistically included but traditionally excluded taxa
Pterygota
The name Apterygota is sometimes applied to a former subclass of small, agile insects, distinguished from other insects by their lack of wings in the present and in their evolutionary history; notable examples are the silverfish, the firebrat, and the jumping bristletails. Their first known occurrence in the fossil record is during the Devonian period, 417–354 million years ago. The group Apterygota is not a clade; it is paraphyletic, and not recognized in modern classification schemes. As defined, the group contains two separate clades of wingless insects: Archaeognatha comprises jumping bristletails, while Zygentoma comprises silverfish and firebrats. The Zygentoma are in the clade Dicondylia with winged insects, a clade that includes all other insects, while Archaeognatha is sister to this lineage.[4]
The nymphs (younger stages) go through little or even no metamorphosis, hence they resemble the adult specimens (ametabolism).
Currently, no species are listed as being at conservation risk.
^Hoell, H.V.; Doyen, J.T. & Purcell, A.H. (1998). Introduction to Insect Biology and Diversity (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 320. ISBN 978-0-19-510033-4.
^WoRMS (2019). Apterygota. Accessed at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=151153 on 2019-01-22
^A. Blanke, M. Koch, B. Wipfler, F. Wilde, B. Misof (2014) Head morphology of Tricholepidion gertschi indicates monophyletic Zygentoma. Frontiers in Zoology 11:16 doi:10.1186/1742-9994-11-16
The name Apterygota is sometimes applied to a former subclass of small, agile insects, distinguished from other insects by their lack of wings in the present...
as subclasses: wingless insects, known as Apterygota, and winged insects, known as Pterygota. The Apterygota consist of the primitively wingless order...
historically united with the now-obsolete order Thysanura to form the class Apterygota, but it has since been recognized that the hexapodous condition of these...
historically treated as subclasses: wingless insects or Apterygota, and winged insects or Pterygota. The Apterygota traditionally consisted of the primitively wingless...
apterous. Insects that are primarily apterous belong to the subclass Apterygota. Apterous is an adjective that means that the insect or organism is wingless...
Another name used to separate the two groups from winged insects is Apterygota. The name Thysanura, first applied to the group by Pierre André Latreille...
the family. Ovipositors exist not only in winged insects, but also in Apterygota, where the ovipositor has an additional function in gathering the spermatophore...
such as the family Nicoletiidae. The silverfish, like other species in Apterygota, is wingless. It has long antennae, and moves in a wiggling motion that...
There are various disparate groups of wingless insects. Apterygota are a subclass of small, agile insects, distinguished from other insects by their lack...
species with functional wings. These fossil remains show that the primitive Apterygota, and the ancient winged insects were ametabolous (completely lacking metamorphosis)...
compounds – a tanning process under enzymatic control. In some of the Apterygota, however, at least some of the cross-linking is by disulphide bonds reminiscent...
the Genus Machilinus (Meinertellidae, Archaeognatha = Microcoryphia, "Apterygota", Insecta) from Mexico". Journal of the New York Entomological Society...
1951 he defended Candidate of Science dissertation on the embryology of Apterygota. Since 1951 he worked at the Paleontological Institute in Moscow, where...
Their later instars have no functional legs in most species. Among the Apterygota, the legs of immature specimens are in effect smaller versions of the...
2020-05-18. Christian, Erhard (2002). "Die primär flügellosen „Urinsekten" (Apterygota)". In Essl, Franz; Rabisch, Wolfgang (eds.). Neobiota in Österreich (PDF)...
was that the taxon formed a notional link between the Pterygota and the Apterygota. This view of the taxon as a link is now totally obsolete, but the phylogeny...
Proceedings of the Xth international Colloquium on Apterygota, České Budějovice 2000: Apterygota at the Beginning of the Third Millennium. Josef Rusek...
namely the Thysanura, Protura, Diplura, and Collembola. Also known as the Apterygota. Subsequently the others have been reclassified as separate from the Insecta...
wings Dragonfly Aptera ἀ- (a-), not Wingless Apterygotans, now obsolete Apterygota πτερύγιον (pterygion small wing)[citation needed] ἀ- (a-), not Wingless...
embryogenesis. Variation in abdominal segment number is considerable. If the Apterygota are considered to be indicative of the ground plan for pterygotes, confusion...
Luís F. (1981) Notes et description de Thysanoures du Nouveau Monde (Apterygota: Microcoryphia et Zygentoma), Nouvelle Revue de Entomologie, vol. 11,...
embryogenesis. Variation in abdominal segment number is considerable. If the Apterygota are considered to be indicative of the ground plan for pterygotes, confusion...
Backwell 2009. Caryl 1979. Cardé, Ring T.; Resh, Vincent H. (2009), "Apterygota", Encyclopedia of Insects, Elsevier, p. 38, doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-374144-8...
Motors announced in 2019 Aptera in the 10th edition of Systema Naturae Apterygota, a subclass of small, wingless insects All pages with titles containing...
directed aerial gliding descent—a preflight phenomenon found in some apterygota, a wingless sister taxon to the winged insects. Biologists including Averof...
Acari, Opiliones, Chernetidae, and spiders. Troglobitic insects include Apterygota such as Campodea and various Collembola. There are many species of beetles...
Distribution. Evolution and Development, Analyses and Summaries of Biota 2. Apterygota to Thysanoptera. Elwood C. Zimmerman. (1948) - Thysanura, Diplura, Protura...
Mayflies ) . 1896 A contribution to the evolutionary history of the Insecta apterygota (flying insects ) . 1896 On the morphology of the abdominal appendages...
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