Building at the University of Massachusetts Amherst, US
Apiary Laboratory
The Apiary Laboratory, as it appeared in 1915.
Alternative names
Apiculture Building Apiculture Laboratory Bee House[1]
General information
Type
Academic offices, research laboratory, and workshop
Architectural style
Vernacular
Current tenants
Dept. of Microbiology
Construction started
1911
Completed
1912
Technical details
Floor count
3
The Apiary Laboratory, more often referred to as the Apiary, is a research laboratory at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. Originally built for the study of honey bees and apiculture, today it is primarily used to study native pollinator species and the chemicals and pathogens impacting their populations. This academic building is unique in that it is credited as being the first in the United States to be erected exclusively for the teaching of beekeeping.[2][3]
Prior to the construction of the building, the Massachusetts Agricultural College had maintained a beekeeping program for a number of years as one of the first land-grant agricultural colleges to teach the subject in the United States.[4] In time, techniques in apiculture progressed, leaving beekeeping as no longer simply a hobby, but rather a viable agricultural business.[5][6] The college's program had remained limited to a single short-course for a number of years but was expanded however, when in 1911, a bill passed establishing the office of "state apiary inspector".[7] Dr. Burton N. Gates, the man first appointed to this position was also the college beekeeping lecturer at the time, and would oversee the expansion of the program as an asset to the college and a service to the state in the years to come. Construction began on the apiary in February 1911 and with its completion in June of the following year for a total cost of $3000.[8][9] At the time the building contained a laboratory, a wintering cellar, a wood workshop, an office with a comprehensive library of apicultural books, honey and wax extraction rooms and a two-person apartment used by student tenants.[2][10] It was also the first structure built in the college orchard, a section of campus now known as the Central housing area.[11]
In the time that Gates was there, research focused mainly on honey production, brood diseases, wax extraction and horticultural pollination in the cucumber and cranberry industries.[1] From 1913 to 1920 the laboratory was also operated by a superintendent, John L. Byard, hired on by Gates to maintain the facilities from day to day as well as perform wax extractions and other services to beekeepers from around the state.[12] Following Gates' resignation in 1918, the school ceased to offer its summer beekeeping school, many of its state extension services, and the college went through several different professors before hiring Frank R. Shaw as the new professor of beekeeping in 1931.[13] With Shaw's retirement in 1969, the laboratory was rededicated to urban and medical entomology research, with the former beekeeping program falling into relative obscurity.[14]
At the present time the apiary is used exclusively for research on native pollinator decline and ecology, with the last beekeeping classes taught at the university nearly a decade ago.[15] The building is currently on the university's "defer and do not reinvest list", suggesting that it will ultimately be dismantled at some point in the near future.[16]
^ abBeekeeping, Agricultural Vocations, Massachusetts Agricultural College Bulletin, March 1914
^ abMAC Bulletin, January 1915. Massachusetts Agricultural College. 1915. p. 130. Retrieved 23 March 2011.
^Pellett, Frank C. (April 1916). "Beekeeping in Massachusetts". American Beekeeping Journal.
^Fernald, Henry T. The History of Entomology at the Massachusetts Agricultural College, 1867-1930. Amherst: Fernald Club, Special Publication Number 1, Massachusetts State College.
^Pellett, Frank C. (1916). Productive beekeeping. J.B. Lippincott Company. pp. 9–17. Retrieved 13 June 2011.
^Fuller, O.C. (1906). "Beekeeping as a Business". First Report of the State Bee-Keepers' Association of Pennsylvania. Harrisburg, PA: Harrisburg Publishing Company, State Printer. pp. 37–41.
^G.L. 1911, 220 §1,Manual of Agricultural Laws, State Board of Agriculture, Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Wright & Potter Printing Co., State Printers, Boston. 1916. pp. 29–32. Retrieved 16 May 2011. 1911 220 Massachusetts inspector.
^MAC Annual Report. Massachusetts Agricultural College. 1913. p. 6. Retrieved 6 May 2011.
^MAC Annual Report. Massachusetts Agricultural College. 1912. p. 45. Retrieved 6 May 2011.
^MSC Annual Report. Massachusetts State College. 1933. p. 9. Retrieved 6 May 2011.
^Packard; Moore, eds. (1912). M.A.C. Students' Handbook, 1912-1913. Archived from the original on 27 September 2011. Retrieved 10 July 2011. (see map)
^New Superintendent Appointed at the Massachusetts Agricultural College. The Beekeepers' Review. 1914. p. 15. Retrieved 6 May 2011.
^MAC Index, Class of 1937. Massachusetts Agricultural College. 1937. p. 31. Retrieved 14 May 2011.
^Fernald, Henry Torsey (1977). Fernald Club Yearbook, 1977. pp. 42–43. Retrieved 21 July 2011.
^SPIRE Course Listings, 2001, 2002. (Internal, available to students only)
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of the neonicotinoid family of pesticides to CCD, but many collapsing apiaries show no trace of neonicotinoids. Colony collapse disorder is a syndrome...
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interpunctella waxworms, have been shown to decompose polyethylene in laboratory testing. In a test with a 28-day incubation period of these two strains...
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These include refuse, birdseed, agricultural products and honey from apiaries. The majority of the diet consists of insects, such as bees, yellow jackets...
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