Andreas Georgiou Papandreou (Greek: Ανδρέας Γεωργίου Παπανδρέου,[1]pronounced[anˈðreaspapanˈðreu]; 5 February 1919 – 23 June 1996) was a Greek economist, politician, and a dominant figure in Greek politics, known for founding the political party PASOK, which he led from 1974 to 1996. He served three terms as the 3rd and 8th prime minister of Greece.
Papandreou's party win in the 1981 election was a milestone in the political history of Greece, since it was the first time that the elected government had a predominantly socialist political program. The achievements of his first two governments include the official recognition of the leftist and communist resistance groups of the Greek Resistance (EAM/ELAS) against the Axis powers occupation, the establishment of the National Health System and the Supreme Council for Personnel Selection (ASEP), the passage of Law 1264/1982 which secured the right to strike and greatly improved the rights of workers, the constitutional amendment of 1985–1986 which strengthened parliamentarism and reduced the powers of the indirectly-elected president, the conduct of an assertive and independent Greek foreign policy, the expansion in the power of local governments, many progressive reforms in Greek law, and the granting of permission to the refugees from the Greek Civil War of Greek ethnicity to return home to Greece.[2][3][4] During his tenure as the prime minister of Greece from 1981 to 1989, the financial situation of Greece was worsened by scandal-infested governments,[5] on average annual inflation of the order of 20%, and large budget deficits (over 10% of GDP). The public debt of Greece as a function of gross domestic product (GDP) almost tripled without leading to significant economic growth.[6][7] Under Papandreou, the Greek economy remained relatively stagnant, with an average increase in GDP of 1% over 1981-1989 period.[8]
The Panhellenic Socialist Movement (PASOK), which he founded and led, was the first non-communist political party in Greek history with a mass-based organization, introducing an unprecedented level of political and social participation in Greek society.[4] In a poll conducted by Kathimerini in 2007, 48% of those polled called Papandreou the "most important Greek prime minister".[9] In the same poll, the first four years of Papandreou's government after Metapolitefsi were voted as the best government Greece ever had.[10] His father, Georgios Papandreou, and his son, George Papandreou, have both also served as prime ministers of Greece.
^"Andreas Papandreou website". Archived from the original on 19 January 2013.
^Jacobs, Francis (1989) Western European political parties: a comprehensive guide. Addison-Wesley Longman Limited. ISBN 0582001137. pp. 123–130
^Pantazopoulos, Andreas (2001). Gia to lao kai to Ethnos: i stigmi Andrea Papandreou 1965–1989. pp. 63–121
^ abClogg, Richard (1987) Political Parties in Greece: the search for legitimacy. Duke University Press. ISBN 0822307944. pp. 122–148
^"Koskotas Implicates Premier in Payoffs, Bribery: Ex-Banker's Tale May Be Greek Tragedy".
^"DEBT % of GDP - Greece". Retrieved 5 February 2023.
^Pirounakis, Nicholas (1997). The Greek Economy Past, Present and Future. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 139–140. ISBN 978-0333654224.
^"Greece GDP over the years".
^Μαυρής, Γιάννης (30 December 2007). "Τομή στη Μεταπολίτευση το 1981". Kathimerini. Archived from the original on 19 February 2012. Retrieved 25 September 2011.
^"Μεγάλες αλλαγές αλλά και μεγαλύτερες κοινωνικές ανισότητες". Kathimerini. 30 December 2007. Archived from the original on 25 March 2012. Retrieved 25 September 2011.
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