Very poor cellular differentiation, indicative of potential for cancer
-plasia and -trophy
Anaplasia (structural differentiation loss within a cell or group of cells).
Aplasia (organ or part of organ missing)
Desmoplasia (connective tissue growth)
Dysplasia (change in cell or tissue phenotype)
Hyperplasia (proliferation of cells)
Hypoplasia (congenital below-average number of cells, especially when inadequate)
Metaplasia (conversion in cell type)
Neoplasia (abnormal proliferation)
Prosoplasia (development of new cell function)
Abiotrophy (loss in vitality of organ or tissue)
Atrophy (reduced functionality of an organ, with decrease in the number or volume of cells)
Hypertrophy (increase in the volume of cells or tissues)
Hypotrophy (decrease in the volume of cells or tissues)
Dystrophy (any degenerative disorder resulting from improper or faulty nutrition)
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Anaplasia (from Ancient Greek: ἀνάana, "backward" + πλάσις plasis, "formation") is a condition of cells with poor cellular differentiation, losing the morphological characteristics of mature cells and their orientation with respect to each other and to endothelial cells. The term also refers to a group of morphological changes in a cell (nuclear pleomorphism, altered nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio, presence of nucleoli, high proliferation index) that point to a possible malignant transformation.[1]
Such loss of structural differentiation is especially seen in most, but not all, malignant neoplasms.[2] Sometimes, the term also includes an increased capacity for multiplication.[3] Lack of differentiation is considered a hallmark of aggressive malignancies (for example, it differentiates leiomyosarcomas from leiomyomas). The term anaplasia literally means "to form backward". It implies dedifferentiation, or loss of structural and functional differentiation of normal cells. It is now known, however, that at least some cancers arise from stem cells in tissues; in these tumors failure of differentiation, rather than dedifferentiation of specialized cells, account for undifferentiated tumors.
Anaplastic cells display marked pleomorphism (variability). The nuclei are characteristically extremely hyperchromatic (darkly stained) and large. The nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio may approach 1:1 instead of the normal 1:4 or 1:6. Giant cells that are considerably larger than their neighbors may be formed and possess either one enormous nucleus or several nuclei (syncytia). Anaplastic nuclei are variable and bizarre in size and shape. The chromatin is coarse and clumped, and nucleoli may be of astounding size. More important, mitoses are often numerous and distinctly atypical; anarchic multiple spindles may be seen and sometimes appear as tripolar or quadripolar forms. Also, anaplastic cells usually fail to develop recognizable patterns of orientation to one another (i.e., they lose normal polarity). They may grow in sheets, with total loss of communal structures, such as gland formation or stratified squamous architecture. Anaplasia is the most extreme disturbance in cell growth encountered in the spectrum of cellular proliferations.[4]
^"Anaplasia" – via The Free Dictionary.
^"Anaplasia". Medical Definition from MediLexicon.
^"Anaplasia". Biology-Online Dictionary. Archived from the original on 2019-12-08. Retrieved 2008-12-12.
^Kumar V, Abbas AK, Fausto N, Mitchell R (2007). Robbins Basic Pathology (8th ed.). Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier. pp. 176–177. ISBN 978-1-4160-2973-1.
Anaplasia (from Ancient Greek: ἀνά ana, "backward" + πλάσις plasis, "formation") is a condition of cells with poor cellular differentiation, losing the...
is not dangerous or serious. Malignancy in cancers is characterized by anaplasia, invasiveness, and metastasis. Malignant tumors are also characterized...
constitute the tumor eventually undergo metaplasia, followed by dysplasia then anaplasia, resulting in a malignant phenotype. This malignancy allows for invasion...
larger the animal is, the less apt it is [12] for dedifferentiation. Anaplasia is defined as cells being in an undifferentiated state and it is often...
-plasia and -trophy Anaplasia (structural differentiation loss within a cell or group of cells). Aplasia (organ or part of organ missing) Desmoplasia...
abnormal cells which, in some cases, has an increased risk of progressing to anaplasia and invasive cancer which is life-threatening. Sometimes, the term "precancer"...
-plasia and -trophy Anaplasia (structural differentiation loss within a cell or group of cells). Aplasia (organ or part of organ missing) Desmoplasia...
dictionary. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins; 1990. p.106. ISBN 0-683-07916-6. Anaplasia. Biology-Online dictionary. Retrieved 2016-06-07 Hypoplasia. Medical dictionary...
allow the medical team to determine the management plan.[citation needed] Anaplasia or dedifferentiation: loss of differentiation of cells and of their orientation...
-plasia and -trophy Anaplasia (structural differentiation loss within a cell or group of cells). Aplasia (organ or part of organ missing) Desmoplasia...
stem-cell fate, prosoplasia is therefore a forward differentiation, unlike anaplasia (a backward differentiation). Examples of prosoplasia include the forward...
-plasia and -trophy Anaplasia (structural differentiation loss within a cell or group of cells). Aplasia (organ or part of organ missing) Desmoplasia...
-plasia and -trophy Anaplasia (structural differentiation loss within a cell or group of cells). Aplasia (organ or part of organ missing) Desmoplasia...
-plasia and -trophy Anaplasia (structural differentiation loss within a cell or group of cells). Aplasia (organ or part of organ missing) Desmoplasia...
-plasia and -trophy Anaplasia (structural differentiation loss within a cell or group of cells). Aplasia (organ or part of organ missing) Desmoplasia...
secretions are formed. The neoplastic cells manifest varying degrees of anaplasia and invasiveness, and local extension and metastases occur. Cystadenocarcinomas...
-plasia and -trophy Anaplasia (structural differentiation loss within a cell or group of cells). Aplasia (organ or part of organ missing) Desmoplasia...
-plasia and -trophy Anaplasia (structural differentiation loss within a cell or group of cells). Aplasia (organ or part of organ missing) Desmoplasia...
-plasia and -trophy Anaplasia (structural differentiation loss within a cell or group of cells). Aplasia (organ or part of organ missing) Desmoplasia...
typical of adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, respectively. Anaplasia in a tumor may be focal or diffuse. Specific types include: anaplastic...
There is usually minimal pleomorphism but less commonly there can be anaplasia, mitotic activity, and necrosis.[citation needed] Some neuroendocrine...
Whether pleomorphism-anaplasia warrants a worse prognosis has not been fully assessed so far. Chatten argued that increasing anaplasia in stage IV in comparison...
characterized by tumors that have deep invasion, and are associated with anaplasia and a high mitotic rate.: 677 List of cutaneous conditions Rapini, Ronald...
the stratum malphigii may show a loss of polarity, pleomorphism, and anaplasia. Some irregular downward proliferation into the uppermost dermis may be...
work in the field of oncology, in particular, his concept pertaining to anaplasia of cancer cells. He studied medicine at the Universities of Berlin, Kiel...
astrocytes, leading to the discovery of the relationship between tumor anaplasia and degeneration. Tumor and brain tissue can be examined using autoradiographs...
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