American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 information
Stimulus package
American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009
Long title
An Act making supplemental appropriations for job preservation and creation, infrastructure investment, energy efficiency and science, assistance to the unemployed, State, and local fiscal stabilization, for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2009, and for other purposes.
Acronyms (colloquial)
ARRA
Nicknames
Recovery Act
Enacted by
the 111th United States Congress
Effective
February 17, 2009
Citations
Public law
111-5
Statutes at Large
123 Stat. 115
Codification
Acts amended
Energy Policy Act of 2005 Energy Policy Act of 1992 Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act of 1978 Public Utility Holding Company Act of 1935
Titles amended
16 U.S.C.: Conservation 42 U.S.C.: Public Health and Social Welfare
U.S.C. sections amended
16 U.S.C. ch. 46 § 2601 et seq. 42 U.S.C. ch. 134 § 13201 et seq. 42 U.S.C. ch. 149 § 15801 et seq.
Legislative history
Introduced in the House as H.R. 1 by Dave Obey (D-WI) on January 26, 2009
Committee consideration by Appropriations and Budget
Passed the House on January 28, 2009 (244–188)
Passed the Senate on February 10, 2009 (61–37)
Reported by the joint conference committee on February 12, 2009; agreed to by the House on February 13, 2009 (246–183) and by the Senate on February 13, 2009 (60–38)
Signed into law by President Barack Obama on February 17, 2009
Major amendments
Tax Relief, Unemployment Insurance Reauthorization, and Job Creation Act of 2010
The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA) (Pub. L.Tooltip Public Law (United States) 111–5 (text) (PDF)), nicknamed the Recovery Act, was a stimulus package enacted by the 111th U.S. Congress and signed into law by President Barack Obama in February 2009. Developed in response to the Great Recession, the primary objective of this federal statute was to save existing jobs and create new ones as soon as possible. Other objectives were to provide temporary relief programs for those most affected by the recession and invest in infrastructure, education, health, and renewable energy.
The approximate cost of the economic stimulus package was estimated to be $787 billion at the time of passage, later revised to $831 billion between 2009 and 2019.[1] The ARRA's rationale was based on the Keynesian economic theory that, during recessions, the government should offset the decrease in private spending with an increase in public spending in order to save jobs and stop further economic deterioration.
The politics around the stimulus were very contentious, with Republicans criticizing the size of the stimulus. On the right, it spurred the Tea Party movement and may have contributed to Republicans winning the House in the 2010 midterm elections.[2][3][4] Not a single Republican member of the House voted for the stimulus,[5] and only three Republican senators voted for it.[6] Most economists have argued that the stimulus was smaller than needed.[3][7][8] Surveys of economists show overwhelming agreement that the stimulus reduced unemployment,[9][10] and that the benefits of the stimulus outweighed the costs.[9]
^"Estimated Impact of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act on Employment and Economic Output from October 2011 Through December 2011" (PDF). A CBO Report. Congressional Budget Office. February 2012. Retrieved February 19, 2017.
^Critchlow, Donald (December 25, 2014). American Political History: A Very Short Introduction. Very Short Introductions. Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-934005-7.
^ abThe Obama Presidency and the Politics of Change | Edward Ashbee | Palgrave Macmillan. p. 223.
^Skocpol, Theda; Williamson, Vanessa (September 1, 2016). The Tea Party and the Remaking of Republican Conservatism. Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 6–7. ISBN 978-0-19-063366-0.
^Debating the Obama Presidency.
^Rogers, David (February 13, 2009). "Senate passes $787 billion stimulus bill". POLITICO. Retrieved June 3, 2019.
^Grunwald, Michael (August 3, 2020). "About That Next Bailout: One Big Lesson from 2009". POLITICO. Retrieved February 3, 2021.
^Health Care Reform and American Politics: What Everyone Needs to Know, 3rd Edition (Third Edition, New to this ed.). Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press. December 28, 2015. p. 76. ISBN 978-0-19-026204-4.
^ ab"Economic Stimulus (revisited)". IGM Forum. The Initiative on Global Markets; Chicago Booth. July 29, 2014. Retrieved February 19, 2017.
^"Economic Stimulus". IGM Forum. The Initiative on Global Markets; Chicago Booth. February 15, 2012. Retrieved February 19, 2017.
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original on 2009-10-11. Retrieved 2009-11-08. "DOL Information Related to the AmericanRecoveryandReinvestmentActof2009". Department of Labor. Archived...
benefits of $160 million, including over $10 million in temporary extended unemployment benefits under the AmericanRecoveryandReinvestmentActof2009, were...
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ReinvestmentActof2009. The Regional Health Information Organizations, or RHIOs, are ordinarily geographically defined entities which develop and manage...
ReinvestmentActof2009 (the Stimulus Package) and President Obama's first budget were made available within the first few months of the launch of FDsys...
colleague and coauthor David Levine, he was part of the group of 200 economists publicly opposing the AmericanRecoveryandReinvestmentActof2009. He later...
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