Species of flowering plant in the birch family Betulaceae
Alnus glutinosa
Conservation status
Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Plantae
Clade:
Tracheophytes
Clade:
Angiosperms
Clade:
Eudicots
Clade:
Rosids
Order:
Fagales
Family:
Betulaceae
Genus:
Alnus
Subgenus:
Alnus subg. Alnus
Species:
A. glutinosa
Binomial name
Alnus glutinosa
(L.) Gaertn.[2]
Distribution map
Synonyms[3]
Alnus glutinosa var. vulgaris Spach, nom. inval.
Alnus vulgaris Hill, nom. inval.
Betula alnus var. glutinosa L.
Betula glutinosa (L.) Lam.
Alnus glutinosa, the common alder, black alder, European alder, European black alder, or just alder, is a species of tree in the family Betulaceae, native to most of Europe, southwest Asia and northern Africa. It thrives in wet locations where its association with the bacterium Frankia alni enables it to grow in poor quality soils. It is a medium-sized, short-lived tree growing to a height of up to 30 metres (98 feet). It has short-stalked rounded leaves and separate male and female flowers in the form of catkins. The small, rounded fruits are cone-like and the seeds are dispersed by wind and water.
The common alder provides food and shelter for wildlife, with a number of insects, lichens and fungi being completely dependent on the tree. It is a pioneer species, colonising vacant land and forming mixed forests as other trees appear in its wake. Eventually common alder dies out of woodlands because the seedlings need more light than is available on the forest floor. Its more usual habitat is forest edges, swamps and riverside corridors. The timber has been used in underwater foundations and for manufacture of paper and fibreboard, for smoking foods, for joinery, turnery and carving. Products of the tree have been used in ethnobotany, providing folk remedies for various ailments, and research has shown that extracts of the seeds are active against pathogenic bacteria.
^Shaw, K.; Roy, S.; Wilson, B. (2014). "Alnus glutinosa". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2014: e.T63517A3125479. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-3.RLTS.T63517A3125479.en. Retrieved 15 July 2023.
^Cite error: The named reference IPNI_Ag was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^"Alnus glutinosa". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2014-08-31.
Alnusglutinosa, the common alder, black alder, European alder, European black alder, or just alder, is a species of tree in the family Betulaceae, native...
northern parts of its range. The wood resembles that of the black alder (Alnusglutinosa), but is somewhat paler and of little economic value. There are four...
trees in the genus Alnus. These are widely distributed in temperate regions of the northern hemisphere. One species, Alnusglutinosa, is also found in...
dead trees in the spring, or on large pieces of fallen wood. Alder (Alnusglutinosa) is a common host. It was first described in 1791 by Jean Baptiste...
larval host is the grey or speckled alder (Alnus incana) and to a lesser extent black alder (Alnusglutinosa), but it will also be found on hazel, birch...
west. The Colchian rainforests are mixed, with deciduous black alder (Alnusglutinosa), hornbeam (Carpinus betulus and C. orientalis), Oriental beech (Fagus...
it is a tetraploid related to the diploid common alder (Alnusglutinosa). Vít, P. (2020). "Alnus lusitanica". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020:...
regularly reaches 6 m (20 ft) tall (see also tree). Alders Alder (Alnusglutinosa) Apples Crab Apple (Malus sylvestris) Ashes Common Ash (Fraxinus excelsior)...
NVC community W5 (AlnusglutinosaAlnusglutinosa - Carex paniculata woodland) is one of the woodland communities in the British National Vegetation Classification...
NVC community W6 (Alnusglutinosa - Urtica dioica woodland) is one of the woodland communities in the British National Vegetation Classification system;...
NVC community W7 (Alnusglutinosa - Fraxinus excelsior - Lysimachia nemorum woodland) is one of the woodland communities in the British National Vegetation...
distortion rising up from the upper surface of the leaves of alder trees Alnusglutinosa along the midrib. Synonyms are Eriophyes laevis inangulis, Phytoptus...
(2021). Genetic Variability of Alnus cordata (Loisel.) Duby Populations and Introgressive Hybridization with A. glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. in Southern Italy:...
woodland and grassland. In woodland, it is found in alder carr (mainly W5 Alnusglutinosa in Britain) in bogs and peaty river valleys, and willow carr (chiefly...
inflorescence; mixed, containing both embryonic leaves and flower(s). Buds Alnusglutinosa bud Tilia bud Black buds of a European ash, Fraxinus excelsior A quince's...
O-methylated flavone, a type of flavonoid. It can be found in the seeds of Alnusglutinosa, and the leaves of the ferns Notholaena bryopoda and Asplenium normale...
Gracillariidae. It is found in France and Portugal. The larvae feed on Alnusglutinosa. They mine the leaves of their host plant. bladmineerders.nl Fauna...
wetter parts of Britain in the northwest. It occasionally occurs in Alnusglutinosa – Urtica dioica woodland (W6). It is widespread but local in Rubus...
restoration activities. Trees generally considered native are the alder (Alnusglutinosa), silver birch (Betula pendula), sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa),...
the genus Nocardia that has been isolated from the root nodules of Alnusglutinosa. Nouioui I, Ha SM, Baek I, Chun J, Goodfellow M. (2022). "Genome insights...
Gracillariidae. It is found in southern Italy and France. The larvae feed on Alnusglutinosa. They mine the leaves of their host plant. Fauna Europaea bladmineerders...
Tenthredinidae. The larvae feed on the leaves of the common alder (Alnusglutinosa) and the grey alder (Alnus incana), sometimes causing defoliation. The adult female...
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