Alexander JosephGCB (Bulgarian: Александър I Батенберг; 5 April 1857 – 17 November 1893), known as Alexander of Battenberg, was the first prince (knyaz) of the autonomous Principality of Bulgaria from 1878 until his abdication in 1886.[1]
Prince of Bulgaria from 1878 to 1886
Alexander I Александър I
Prince of Bulgaria
Reign
29 April 1878 – 7 September 1886
Predecessor
Vacant
(previously Constantine II)
Successor
Ferdinand I
Born
(1857-04-05)5 April 1857 Verona, Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia, Austrian Empire
Died
17 November 1893(1893-11-17) (aged 36) Graz, Duchy of Styria, Austria-Hungary
Burial
Battenberg Mausoleum, Sofia
Spouse
Johanna Loisinger
Issue
Count Assen of Hartenau
Countess Tsvetana of Hartenau
Names
Alexander Joseph von Battenberg
Bulgarian: Александър Йозеф фон Батенберг
House
Battenberg
Father
Prince Alexander of Hesse and by Rhine
Mother
Julia, Princess of Battenberg
Religion
Lutheran
The Bulgarian Grand National Assembly elected him as Prince of autonomous Bulgaria, in 1878. He dissolved the assembly in 1880 and suspended the Constitution in 1881, considering it too liberal. He restored the Constitution in 1883, leading to open conflict with Russia that made him popular in Bulgaria. Unification with Eastern Rumelia was achieved and recognised by the powers in 1885. A coup carried out by pro-Russian Bulgarian Army officers forced him to abdicate in September 1886. He later became a general in the Austrian army.[2]
^Bourchier, James David (1911). "Political History" . In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Bulgaria. Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 4 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 782.
^
John Belchem and Richard Price, eds. A Dictionary of 19th-Century World History (1994) p 66.
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