Russian physician, philosopher and revolutionary (1873–1928)
In this name that follows Eastern Slavic naming customs, the patronymic is Aleksandrovich and the family name is Bogdanov.
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Alexander Bogdanov
Bogdanov in 1903
Full member of the 4th, 5th Central Committee of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party
In office June 1906 – June 1909
Prospective member of the 3rd Central Committee of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party
In office 1905–1906
Personal details
Born
Alyaksandr Malinovsky
(1873-08-22)22 August 1873 Sokółka, Grodno Governorate, Russian Empire (now Poland)
Died
7 April 1928(1928-04-07) (aged 54) Moscow, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union
Nationality
Russian
Political party
RSDLP (1898–1903) RSDLP (Bolsheviks) (1903–1909)
Alma mater
Moscow University, Kharkiv University
Occupation
Physician, philosopher, writer
Known for
Tektology
Alexander Aleksandrovich Bogdanov (Russian: Алекса́ндр Алекса́ндрович Богда́нов; 22 August 1873 [O.S. 10 August] – 7 April 1928), born Alexander Malinovsky, was a Russian and later Soviet physician, philosopher, science fiction writer and Bolshevik revolutionary. He was a polymath who pioneered blood transfusion[1] and general systems theory[2] and made important contributions to cybernetics.[3]
He was a key figure in the early history of the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party (later the Communist Party of the Soviet Union), originally established 1898, and of its Bolshevik faction. Bogdanov co-founded the Bolsheviks in 1903, when they split with the Menshevik faction. He was a rival within the Bolsheviks to Vladimir Lenin (1870–1924), until being expelled in 1909 and founding his own faction Vpered. Following the Russian Revolutions of 1917, when the Bolsheviks came to power in the collapsing Russian Republic, during the first decade of the subsequent Soviet Union in the 1920s, he was an influential opponent of the Bolshevik government and Lenin from a Marxist leftist perspective.
Bogdanov received training in medicine and psychiatry. His wide scientific and medical interests ranged from the universal systems theory to the possibility of human rejuvenation through blood transfusion. He invented an original philosophy called "tectology", now regarded as a forerunner of systems theory. He was also an economist, culture theorist, science fiction writer, and political activist. Lenin depicted him as one of the "Russian Machists".
^Huestis, Douglas W. (2007-10-01). "Alexander Bogdanov: The Forgotten Pioneer of Blood Transfusion". Transfusion Medicine Reviews. 21 (4): 337–340. doi:10.1016/j.tmrv.2007.05.008. ISSN 0887-7963. PMID 17900494.
^Gare, Arran (2000-11-01). "Aleksandr Bogdanov and Systems Theory". Democracy & Nature. 6 (3): 341–359. doi:10.1080/10855660020020230. ISSN 1085-5661.
^Şenalp, Örsan; Midgley, Gerald (March 2023). "Alexander Bogdanov and the question of unity: An emerging research agenda". Systems Research and Behavioral Science. 40 (2): 328–348. doi:10.1002/sres.2923. ISSN 1092-7026. S2CID 256265208.
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