The Alcazaba (Spanish: Alcazaba; Arabic: القصبة, romanized: al-qaṣabah, lit. 'citadel') is a fortress at the western tip of the Alhambra in Granada, Spain. Its name comes from the Arabic term al-qaṣabah ('the citadel' or kasbah), which became Alcazaba in Spanish.[1]: 9 It is the oldest surviving part of the Alhambra, having been built by Muhammad I Ibn al-Ahmar, the founder of the Nasrid dynasty, after 1238.[1]: 25 [2]: 81 It stands on the site of an earlier fortress built by the Zirid kingdom of Granada in the 11th century.[2]: 81
^ abIrwin, Robert (2004). The Alhambra. Harvard University Press. ISBN 9780674063600.
^ abLópez, Jesús Bermúdez (2011). The Alhambra and the Generalife: Official Guide. TF Editores. ISBN 9788492441129.
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