Aircraft maintenance carriers of the Royal Navy information
Ships of the Royal Navy
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early English ships (1409–1660)
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The Royal Navy built three aircraft maintenance carriers for its Fleet Air Arm before and during World War II. The Abyssinia Crisis of 1934–35 demonstrated to the Admiralty that it needed a depot ship to support the aircraft carriers in active service, just like submarine and destroyer tenders supported those types.[1] Begun just before the start of World War II in 1939, HMS Unicorn was the first ship built in any navy that could "carry out the full range of aircraft maintenance and repair work in addition to the ability to operate aircraft from the flight deck".[2]Unicorn proved the value of the concept and two similar support ships, Perseus and Pioneer were converted into aircraft maintenance ships by modifying light carriers while still under construction.[3] Unlike Unicorn, neither Pioneer nor Perseus were able to land aircraft; they had to be craned aboard.[4]
Unicorn was used as a light carrier in 1943 before she was sent to the Indian Ocean in 1944 where she was used in her designed role. Pioneer arrived the following year to support the British Pacific Fleet (BPF). Perseus arrived in the Pacific after the end of the war. All three ships were placed in reserve upon their return to the UK in 1946. Unicorn was recommissioned before the start of the Korean War for use as a ferry carrier, but was used in her designed role during the war. Pioneer was recommissioned in 1950 to test new carrier equipment and then became a ferry carrier. Perseus was never recommissioned[5] and all three ships were sold for scrap during the 1950s.[6]
^Friedman, p. 172
^Hobbs 2007, p. 41
^Friedman, pp. 237, 239
^Lenton, p. 108
^Hobbs, pp. 48–63
^Cite error: The named reference f2 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
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