Medical branch dealing of cancer in adolescent and young adults
Adolescent and young adult oncology is a branch of medicine that deals with the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer in adolescent and young adult (AYA) patients aged 16–40. Studies have continuously shown that while pediatric cancer survival rates have gone up, the survival rate for adolescents and young adults has remained stagnant. While many clinical trials exist for adults with cancer and children with cancer, AYAs underutilize clinical trials.[1][2] Most pediatric clinical trials serve patients up to age 21.[3] Additionally, AYAs face problems that adults and children rarely see including college concerns, fertility, and sense of aloneness.[4] Studies have often shown that treating young adults with the same protocols used in pediatrics is more effective than adult oriented treatments.[5]
In countries like the US and the UK, specialized AYA units have started to be built in children's and adult hospitals to cater to the need of these age groups. AYA wards are designed to be bright and welcoming with many games and televisions to keep patients busy.[6] The need for these spaces come from the findings that AYAs tend to prefer pediatric wards over adult wards, but do not like to be treated like children.[7]
AYA teams are usually made up of specialists that specialize in both pediatric and adult medicine due to the fact that people under 21 tend to do better under pediatric care.[8]
^Tai, Eric; Buchanan, Natasha; Eliman, Dena; Westervelt, Lauren; Beaupin, Lynda; Lawvere, Silvana; Bleyer, Archie (June 2014). "Understanding and Addressing the Lack of Clinical Trial Enrollment Among Adolescents With Cancer". Pediatrics. 133 (Suppl 3): S98–S103. doi:10.1542/peds.2014-0122D. ISSN 0031-4005. PMC 6074033. PMID 24918214.
^Bleyer, Archie; Tai, Eric; Siegel, Stuart (August 2018). "Role of clinical trials in survival progress of American adolescents and young adults with cancer—and lack thereof". Pediatric Blood & Cancer. 65 (8): e27074. doi:10.1002/pbc.27074. ISSN 1545-5009. PMC 6077840. PMID 29667766.
^Chisholm, Julia; Hough, Rachael; Soanes, Louise (February 27, 2018). A Practical Approach to the Care of Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer. Springer. ISBN 978-3-319-66173-5. Archived from the original on July 9, 2020. Retrieved June 2, 2020.
^Nass, Sharyl J; Patlak, Margie, Rapporteurs; National Cancer Policy Forum; Board on Health Care Services; A Livestrong and Institute of Medicine Workshop; Institute of Medicine (January 10, 2014). Psychosocial Aspects Of Aya Cancer Diagnosis And Treatment. National Academies Press (US). Archived from the original on January 18, 2017. Retrieved June 2, 2020.
^"Childhood Leukemia Treatment Also Effective for Young Adults". National Cancer Institute. February 25, 2019. Archived from the original on July 9, 2020. Retrieved June 2, 2020.
^"How A Space For Young People Can provide Relief During Cancer Treatment". Teen Cancer America. December 19, 2019. Archived from the original on September 26, 2020. Retrieved June 2, 2020.
^Sadeghi, Narges; Abdeyazdan, Zahra; Motaghi, Minoo; Rad, Marzieh Ziaei; Torkan, Behnaz (2012). "Satisfaction levels about hospital wards' environment among adolescents hospitalized in adult wards vs. pediatric ones". Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research. 17 (6): 430–433. ISSN 1735-9066. PMC 3733288. PMID 23922584.
^"Teens Do Better Here". Seattle Children's Hospital. Retrieved November 25, 2020.
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