An accelerometer is a device that measures the proper acceleration of an object.[1] Proper acceleration is the acceleration (the rate of change of velocity) of the object relative to an observer who is in free fall (that is, relative to an inertial frame of reference).[2] Proper acceleration is different from coordinate acceleration, which is acceleration with respect to a given coordinate system, which may or may not be accelerating. For example, an accelerometer at rest on the surface of the Earth will measure an acceleration due to Earth's gravity straight upwards[3] of about g ≈ 9.81 m/s2. By contrast, an accelerometer that is in free fall will measure zero acceleration.
Accelerometers have many uses in industry, consumer products, and science. Highly sensitive accelerometers are used in inertial navigation systems for aircraft and missiles. In unmanned aerial vehicles, accelerometers help to stabilize flight. Micromachined micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) accelerometers are used in handheld electronic devices such as smartphones, cameras and video-game controllers to detect movement and orientation of these devices. Vibration in industrial machinery is monitored by accelerometers. Seismometers are sensitive accelerometers for monitoring ground movement such as earthquakes.
An accelerometer
When two or more accelerometers are coordinated with one another, they can measure differences in proper acceleration, particularly gravity, over their separation in space—that is, the gradient of the gravitational field. Gravity gradiometry is useful because absolute gravity is a weak effect and depends on the local density of the Earth, which is quite variable.
A single-axis accelerometer measures acceleration along a specified axis. A multi-axis accelerometer detects both the magnitude and the direction of the proper acceleration, as a vector quantity, and is usually implemented as several single-axis accelerometers oriented along different axes.
^Tinder, Richard F. (2007). Relativistic Flight Mechanics and Space Travel: A Primer for Students, Engineers and Scientists. Morgan & Claypool Publishers. p. 33. ISBN 978-1-59829-130-8. Extract of page 33
^Rindler, W. (2013). Essential Relativity: Special, General, and Cosmological (illustrated ed.). Springer. p. 61. ISBN 978-1-4757-1135-6. Extract of page 61
^Corke, Peter (2017). Robotics, Vision and Control: Fundamental Algorithms In MATLAB (second, completely revised, extended and updated ed.). Springer. p. 83. ISBN 978-3-319-54413-7. Extract of page 83
An accelerometer is a device that measures the proper acceleration of an object. Proper acceleration is the acceleration (the rate of change of velocity)...
A piezoelectric accelerometer is an accelerometer that employs the piezoelectric effect of certain materials to measure dynamic changes in mechanical...
A PIGA (Pendulous Integrating Gyroscopic Accelerometer) is a type of accelerometer that can measure acceleration and simultaneously integrates this acceleration...
A laser accelerometer is an accelerometer that uses a laser to measure changes in velocity/direction. It employs a frame with three orthogonal input axes...
previous lone accelerometer within a number of smartphones. Gyroscopes in consumer electronics are frequently combined with accelerometers for more robust...
and sometimes the orientation of the body, using a combination of accelerometers, gyroscopes, and sometimes magnetometers. When the magnetometer is included...
inertial instrument) is a navigation device that uses motion sensors (accelerometers), rotation sensors (gyroscopes) and a computer to continuously calculate...
calculation of yaw, pitch, and roll. The gyroscope complements the accelerometer, a sensor that has been present since the original iPhone, which detects...
used for maps or turn-by-turn navigation, and their first with an accelerometer. It was also one of the earliest devices in the market supporting HSDPA...
or e-Compass is a tilt compensated electronic compass utilizing an accelerometer and a magnetometer. A number of manufacturers, including Motorola, AKM...
Piga (born 1964), Italian economist PIGA, an enzyme PIGA accelerometer, a type of accelerometer mainly used in Inertial Navigation Systems Piga (grape)...
tilt angle with reference to the earth's ground plane, is to use an accelerometer. Typical applications can be found in the industry and in game controllers...
includes a built-in accelerometer much like the Nokia N95. Third-party applications have started to make use of the built in accelerometer including: RotateMe...
by the Nokia 6710 Navigator. The 6210 Navigator includes a built-in accelerometer. This was originally only used for video stabilization and photo orientation...
using the technique of atom interferometry. It includes an ensemble of accelerometers and gyroscope based on quantum technology to form an Inertial Navigation...
a/b/g/n/ac, dual-band, Wi-Fi Direct Bluetooth 5.3, A2DP, LE Data inputs Multi-touch screen USB Type-C 2.0 Fingerprint scanner Accelerometer Gyroscope Compass...
example for students to record the voice of the teacher while taking Accelerometer-based digital pens contain components that detect movement of the pen...
Muggenthaler, E.; Wright, B. "Solving the Cat's Purr Mystery Using Accelerometers". BKSV. Brüel & Kjær. Archived from the original on 22 July 2011. Retrieved...
a built-in microphone, volume control over HDMI CEC and IR, and an accelerometer (IMU). Upon release, the third-party apps were available from a limited...
sense the environment. MEMS accelerometer can be divided into two groups, piezoresistive and capacitive-based accelerometers. The former consists of a...
Wii's innovations include the Wii Remote controller, equipped with an accelerometer system and infrared sensors that allow it to detect its position in...
computers in the form of a thermometer used to monitor system temperature. Accelerometer Detects acceleration. Gyroscope Detects spatial orientation. Magnetometer...
different lighting conditions, which helps save battery power. A 3-axis accelerometer was included to sense the orientation of the phone and change the screen...
form factor and all-aluminum enclosure with nine color choices, added accelerometer for "shake to shuffle" functionality and horizontal viewing. 4 GB model...
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