Abdullah I of Jordan information

Abdullah I bin Al-Hussein
عبد الله الأول بن الحسين
Abdullah I bin Al-Hussein; عبد الله الأول بن الحسين
	Portrait c. 1939-45
King of Jordan
Reign	25 May 1946 – 20 July 1951
Predecessor	Himself as Emir of Transjordan
Successor	Talal bin Abdullah
Emir of Transjordan
Reign	11 April 1921 – 25 May 1946
Predecessor	Office established
Successor	Himself as King of Jordan
Born	2 February 1882; Mecca, Hejaz Vilayet, Ottoman Empire
Died	20 July 1951 (aged 69); East Jerusalem, West Bank, Jordan
Burial	Raghadan Palace, Amman, Jordan
Spouse	; Musbah bint Nasser (m. 1904) ; Suzdil Khanum (m. 1913) ; Nahda bint Uman (m. 1949)
Issue	Haya; Talal; Naif; Munira; Maqbula; Naifeh;
House	Hashemite
Father	Husayn bin Ali
Mother	Abdiyya bint Abdullah
Religion	Sunni Islam
Military career
Allegiance	Kingdom of Hejaz; Emirate of Transjordan;
Service/branch	Sharifian Army; Arab Legion; Royal Jordanian Army;
Years of service	1916–1951
Battles/wars	Arab Revolt (1916–1918); Kura rebellion (1921); Adwan Rebellion (1923); Anglo-Iraqi War (1941); Syrian campaign (1941); First Arab–Israeli War (1948);

Abdullah I bin Al-Hussein (Arabic: عبد الله الأول بن الحسين, romanized: ʿAbd Allāh al-Awwal bin al-Ḥusayn, 2 February 1882 – 20 July 1951) was the ruler of Jordan from 11 April 1921 until his assassination in 1951. He was the Emir of Transjordan, a British protectorate, until 25 May 1946,^[1]^[2] after which he was king of an independent Jordan. As a member of the Hashemite dynasty, the royal family of Jordan since 1921, Abdullah was a 38th-generation direct descendant of Muhammad.^[5]

Born in Mecca, Hejaz, Ottoman Empire, Abdullah was the second of four sons of Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Mecca, and his first wife, Abdiyya bint Abdullah. He was educated in Istanbul and Hejaz. From 1909 to 1914, Abdullah sat in the Ottoman legislature, as deputy for Mecca, but allied with Britain during the First World War. During the war, he played a key role in secret negotiations with the United Kingdom that led to the Great Arab Revolt against Ottoman rule that was led by his father Sharif Hussein.^[6] Abdullah personally led guerrilla raids on garrisons.^[7]

Abdullah became emir of Transjordan in April 1921. He upheld his alliance with the British during World War II, and became king after Transjordan gained independence from the United Kingdom in 1946.^[6] In 1949, Jordan annexed the West Bank,^[6] which angered Arab countries including Syria, Saudi Arabia and Egypt.^[6] He was assassinated in Jerusalem while attending Friday prayers at the entrance of the Al-Aqsa Mosque by a Palestinian in 1951.^[8] Abdullah was succeeded by his eldest son Talal.

^ ^a ^b Salibi (1998), p. 93
^ ^a ^b Hashemite Monarchs of Jordan, "The Emirate of Transjordan was founded on 11 April 1921, and became the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan upon formal independence from Britain in 1946". alhussein.jo.
^ Encyclopædia Britannica (2010), p. 22
^ Some sources state that his birth date was on 22 September.
^ Corboz, Elvire (2015). Guardians of Shi'ism: Sacred Authority and Transnational Family Networks. Edinburgh University Press. p. 271. ISBN 978-0-7486-9144-9.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Encyclopaedia Britannica (online). Abdullah I:...
^ Shlaim (2007), p. 3
^ Chambers Biographical Dictionary, ISBN 0-550-18022-2, page 3

[Salibi-1] Salibi (1998), p. 93

[Hussein-2] Hashemite Monarchs of Jordan, "The Emirate of Transjordan was founded on 11 April 1921, and became the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan upon formal independence from Britain in 1946". alhussein.jo.

[EB-3] Encyclopædia Britannica (2010), p. 22

[4] Some sources state that his birth date was on 22 September.

[5] Corboz, Elvire (2015). Guardians of Shi'ism: Sacred Authority and Transnational Family Networks. Edinburgh University Press. p. 271. ISBN 978-0-7486-9144-9.

[BritBio-6] Encyclopaedia Britannica (online). Abdullah I:...

[7] Shlaim (2007), p. 3

[8] Chambers Biographical Dictionary, ISBN 0-550-18022-2, page 3

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