A bush burial (earlier known as The last of the pioneers) is an 1890 painting by the Australian artist Frederick McCubbin. The painting depicts a burial attended by a small group - an older man reading from a book, a younger man with a dog, and a woman and child. The relationships between the figures is unclear and its ambiguity and sentimental nature has seen the work described as a frontier example of the Victorian-era problem pictures.[1] From the time the painting was shown at the Victorian Artists Society Winter Exhibition in 1890, there has been differing opinions on the story told by the work with "the critic for Table Talk magazine writ[ing] that the woman is newly widowed. In The Argus, she is the grief-stricken mother of a dead child."[2]The Age referred to the "deceased, doubtless the wife of the grey-haired old man reading the service."[1] The burial itself also refers to the memento mori tradition.
Like Dutch vanitas pictures of the 17th century – with their skulls and snuffed candles, and fruit and flowers past their use-by date – McCubbin is reminding the viewer of the inevitability of death. You can almost hear the words being read over the grave: “Earth to earth, ashes to ashes, dust to dust.
— Matthew Westwood, [2]
The artist's models were Annie McCubbin, the artist's wife, as the woman and Louis Abrahams, a friend, as the younger man.[3] The young girl is unknown and the older man was John Dunne, whom McCubbin approached in Collins Street stating "You are the right look for the figure in this painting".[2]
^ abHansen, David (2007). "National Naturalism". In Lane, Terence (ed.). Australian impressionism. Melbourne, Vic., Australia: National Gallery of Victoria. p. 285. ISBN 9780724102815.
^ abcWestwood, Matthew (13 August 2021). "Silent as the grave". The Australian. Retrieved 21 August 2021.
^"Keys to the collection— Stories" (PDF). Geelong Gallery. Retrieved 21 August 2021.
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