2020 United States House of Representatives elections information
House elections for the 117th U.S. Congress
For related races, see 2020 United States elections.
2020 United States House of Representatives elections
← 2018
November 3, 2020
2022 →
All 435 seats in the United States House of Representatives[a] 218 seats needed for a majority
Majority party
Minority party
Leader
Nancy Pelosi
Kevin McCarthy
Party
Democratic
Republican
Leader since
January 3, 2003
January 3, 2019
Leader's seat
California 12th
California 23rd
Last election
235 seats, 53.4%
200 seats, 44.8%
Seats before
232
197
Seats won
222
213
Seat change
13
13
Popular vote
77,122,690[1]
72,466,576[1]
Percentage
50.3%
47.2%
Swing
3.1%
2.4%
Results: Democratic hold Democratic gain Republican hold Republican gain
Speaker before election
Nancy Pelosi
Democratic
Elected Speaker
Nancy Pelosi
Democratic
The 2020 United States House of Representatives elections were held on November 3, 2020, to elect representatives from all 435 congressional districts across each of the 50 U.S. states to the 117th United States Congress, as well as six non-voting delegates from the District of Columbia and the inhabited U.S. territories. Special House elections were also held on various dates throughout 2020.
In the 2018 United States House of Representatives elections, the Democrats had won 235 seats. Leading up to the 2020 elections, the Democrats were projected by many polls to expand their majority by up to 15 seats due to the unpopularity of then-President Donald Trump. While Democrats ultimately retained control of the House following the 2020 elections, Republicans made a net gain of 14 seats[2] and the Democrats entered 2021 with a narrow 222–213 House majority.[3][4] This was the first time since 2004 that the Republican Party made net gains in the House during a presidential election year. This led to Democrats' smallest majority since 1942.
Republicans exceeded expectations in the 2020 House elections, winning back a number of seats that they lost in 2018 while successfully defending competitive seats that Democrats had hoped to flip. No Republican incumbent was defeated for re-election, while 13 incumbent Democrats were ousted by Republicans; also, several successful Democratic candidates won by smaller-than-expected margins. Many have cited Trump's presence on the ballot as having fueled high Republican turnout,[3][5][6][7] while others have emphasized the Republican Party's efforts to promote their female and minority candidates.[8][9][10][11]
This constitutes the 11th election since the Civil War in which the victorious presidential party lost seats in the House, after the elections of 1868, 1884, 1892, 1896, 1908, 1960, 1988, 1992, 2000, and 2016.
Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).
^ ab
Johnson, Cheryl L. (February 28, 2021). "Statistics of the Presidential and Congressional Election of November 3, 2020". Clerk of the U.S. House of Representatives. Retrieved April 16, 2021.
^Galston, William A. (December 21, 2020). "Why did House Democrats under-perform, compared to Joe Biden?".
^ abFram, Alan (November 10, 2020). "Dems clinch House control, but majority likely to shrink". Associated Press. Retrieved November 12, 2020.
^Kilgore, Ed (April 6, 2021). "Democrats' Control of the House Is Increasingly Fragile". Intelligencer.
^Pramuk, Jacob (November 5, 2020). "Democrats are projected to lose House seats but keep their majority". CNBC. Retrieved November 12, 2020.
^Pathe, Simone; Foran, Clare; Raju, Manu (November 5, 2020). "Some House Democrats fall while the party fails to flip some key suburban districts". CNN. Retrieved November 13, 2020.
^Weissert, Will; Beaumont, Thomas (November 23, 2020). "How Democrats came up short in bid to expand House majority". Associated Press. Retrieved November 24, 2020.
^Firozi, Paulina (November 11, 2020). "House GOP chipped away at Democratic majority. They can thank female candidates". The Washington Post. Retrieved January 23, 2021.
^Kurtzleben, Danielle (November 13, 2020). "How A Record Number Of Republican Women Got Elected To Congress". NPR.org. Retrieved January 23, 2021.
^Swers, Michele L. (January 5, 2021). "More Republican women than before will serve in this Congress. Here's why". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on January 6, 2021. Retrieved January 23, 2021.
^Roberts, William (November 18, 2020). "US Republicans grow more diverse in newly won House seats". Al Jazeera. Retrieved February 5, 2021.
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