In 2004, the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) launched Operation Rainbow (Hebrew: מבצע קשת בענן, romanized: Mivtza Keshet Be-Anan) in the southern Gaza Strip on 12–24 May 2004, involving an invasion and siege of Rafah. The operation was started after the deaths of eleven Israeli soldiers in two Palestinian attacks, in which M113 armored vehicles were attacked.[1][5]
Human Rights Watch reported 59 Palestinians killed during 12–24 May, including 11 under age eighteen and 18 armed men. The IDF razed some 300 homes to expand the buffer zone along the Egypt–Gaza border, expanding it far inside the Gaza Strip. Also, a zoo and at least 700 dunams (70 ha) of agricultural land were destroyed.
Israel's declared aims of Operation Rainbow were finding and destroying smuggling tunnels, targeting terrorists, and securing the Philadelphi Route by expanding the buffer zone.
^ ab"Soldiers Killed in Gaza Were Deployed in 50-year-old APC". Haaretz.
^Cite error: The named reference Razing_Rafah_Map5-intro was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Sunday, May 23, 2004 Briefing - Gaza Division Commander, Brig. Gen. Shmuel Zakai. IDF SPOKESPERSON ANNOUNCEMENT 23 May 2004 reprinted at IMRA
^Ynet (Hebrew), quote: 21:00: אחרוני הכוחות פינו את רפיח. מפקד אוגדת עזה הבהיר: אולי בעתיד תרחיב את הפעילות. לדבריו, במהלך המבצע נהרגו 41 מחבלים ו-12 אזרחים, 7 מהם בהפגזה בחתונה "ואת היתר אולי הרגו הפלסטינים".
^"IN PRAISE OF M113 ARMORED PERSONNEL CARRIERS".
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