35 of 100 seats (33 seats of Class 2 + 2 special elections)
Net seat change
Republican +3[1]
1978 Senate election results
Democratic gain Democratic hold
Republican gain Republican hold
House elections
Overall control
Democratic hold
Seats contested
All 435 voting seats
Popular vote margin
Democratic +8.9%
Net seat change
Republican +15
1978 House of Representatives election results
Democratic gain Democratic hold
Republican gain Republican hold
Gubernatorial elections
Seats contested
38 (36 states, 2 territories)
Net seat change
Republican +6
1978 gubernatorial election results Territorial races not shown
Democratic gain Democratic hold
Republican gain Republican hold
The 1978 United States elections were held on November 7, 1978, to elect the members of the 96th United States Congress. The election occurred in the middle of Democratic President Jimmy Carter's term. Democrats retained control of both houses of Congress.
The Democrats lost three seats in the United States Senate to the Republicans.[2] Democrats won the nationwide popular vote for the House of Representatives by a margin of 8.9 percentage points, but lost fifteen seats to Republicans.[2] The elections represent the most recent instance in which the president's party retained control of both houses of Congress in a midterm election, although the 2002 elections saw Republicans retain the House and win control of the Senate.
In the gubernatorial elections, Republicans picked up six seats. Among the newly elected governors was future president Bill Clinton from Arkansas. Clinton's eventual successor as president, George W. Bush, ran as the Republican nominee in Texas's 19th congressional district but was defeated by Democrat Kent Hance. Also Georgia's 6th congressional district was flipped from Democratic to Republican by future House Speaker and one-time presidential candidate, Republican Newt Gingrich.
Though Republicans gains were relatively modest for a midterm election, the election set the stage for the Reagan Revolution. Many of the newly elected members of Congress were more conservative than their predecessors, and most supported tax cuts that would eventually be implemented in the Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981. The election also ended the possibility of a ratification of the SALT II treaty with the Soviet Union. Carter's move to the center after this election encouraged a 1980 Democratic primary challenge by Massachusetts Senator Ted Kennedy.[3]
^Republicans picked up two seats in the regularly-scheduled elections and picked up another seat in a special election.
^ ab"Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 7, 1978" (PDF). U.S. House of Reps, Office of the Clerk. Retrieved 26 December 2011.
^Busch, Andrew (1999). Horses in Midstream. University of Pittsburgh Press. pp. 106–110.
and 30 Related for: 1978 United States elections information
The 1978UnitedStates Senate elections were held on November 7, in the middle of Democratic President Jimmy Carter's term. The 33 seats of Class 2 were...
The 1978UnitedStates Senate election in Delaware was held on November 7, 1978. Incumbent Democratic senator Joe Biden won re-election to a second term...
The UnitedStates Senate election of 1978 in Massachusetts was held on November 7, 1978, with the incumbent Republican Senator Edward Brooke being defeated...
The 1978UnitedStates Senate election in Colorado took place on November 7, 1978. Incumbent Democratic Senator Floyd Haskell ran for re-election to a...
voters. 1978UnitedStates Senate elections "OFFICIAL VOTE Cast at the GENERAL ELECTION NOVEMBER 7, 1978" (PDF). Illinois State Board of Elections. Retrieved...
The 1978UnitedStates Senate election in Minnesota was held on November 7, 1978. Incumbent Democratic U.S. Senator Wendell Anderson was defeated by Republican...
The 1978UnitedStates Senate election in Texas was held on November 7, 1978. Incumbent Republican U.S. Senator John Tower narrowly won re-election to...
The 1978UnitedStates Senate election in Maine was held on November 7, 1978. Incumbent Democratic U.S. Senator William Hathaway ran for re-election to...
The 1978UnitedStates Senate election in Mississippi was held on November 5, 1978. Incumbent Democratic U.S. Senator James Eastland decided to retire...
1978UnitedStates Senate election in Michigan was held on November 7, 1978. Incumbent Republican U.S. Senator Robert P. Griffin ran for re-election to...
the general election. Joe Bertroche Roger Jepsen, former Lieutenant Governor of Iowa Maurie Van Nostrand 1978UnitedStates Senate elections "Our Campaigns...
The 1978UnitedStates Senate election in Montana took place on November 7, 1978. Following the death of UnitedStates Senator Lee Metcalf on January 12...
The 1978UnitedStates Senate election in Tennessee took place on November 7, 1978, to select the U.S. Senator from the state of Tennessee. Two-term popular...
The 1978UnitedStates Senate election in Virginia was held on November 7, 1978. Incumbent Republican Senator William L. Scott did not run for re-election...
census. These elections occurred simultaneously with the UnitedStates Senate elections of 1978, the UnitedStates House elections in other states, and various...
The 1984 UnitedStates House of Representatives elections was an election for the UnitedStates House of Representatives on November 6, 1984, to elect...
The 2020 UnitedStates presidential election was the 59th quadrennial presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 3, 2020. The Democratic ticket of...
The 1978UnitedStates Senate election in Alabama was held on November 7, 1978. Incumbent Democratic U.S. Senator John Sparkman decided to retire and Alabama...
The 2022 UnitedStateselections were held on November 8, 2022, with the exception of absentee balloting. During this U.S. midterm election, which occurred...
of the UnitedStates (1964–1980) 1976 UnitedStates House of Representatives elections 1976 UnitedStates Senate elections 1976 UnitedStates gubernatorial...
Carolina UnitedStates Senate election of 1978 was held on November 7, 1978 as part of the nationwide elections to the Senate. The general election was between...