1947 Gisborne earthquakes and tsunami information

The 1947 Gisborne earthquakes and tsunami occurred east of Gisborne and offshore from New Zealand's North Island. Both the two earthquakes are estimated to have measured at most 7.1 on the moment magnitude scale.^[1]

The first earthquake, which struck offshore Poverty Bay on 26 March 1947 at 8:32 am NZST, seemed like a minor earthquake in Gisborne,^[2] but was 7.0–7.1 M_w.^[3] It generated a tsunami with a maximum measured run-up height of 10 metres that struck the coast from Māhia Peninsula to Tokomaru Bay,^[3] swamping the coast between Muriwai and Tolaga Bay 30 minutes after the quake.^[2] The tsunami was not observed outside of New Zealand.^[1] Four people at the Tatapouri Hotel, 13 kilometres by road north of Gisborne, saw the tsunami coming and rushed up a hill. Two waves swept through the ground floor of the hotel up to window sill height, and retreating water then washed small buildings out to sea. A little further north at Turihaua, a 10-metre high wave hit a cottage, sweeping two men who were outside it inland onto the coast road. Three other people were trapped in the kitchen, which filled with water to head height. Retreating water then destroyed the cottage, leaving only the kitchen. The Pouawa River bridge, a little further north, was swept 800 metres inland.^[2] Seaweed was later found in telegraph wires 12 metres above sea level at Pouawa Beach.^[3] A house at Mahanga Beach, just north of Māhia Peninsula, was moved off its piles.^[2]

Seven weeks later, a second earthquake struck offshore Tolaga Bay on 17 May, and was estimated to have been 6.9–7.1 M_w . It also generated a tsunami, which had a maximum measured run-up height of 6 metres. Despite occurring at low tide and being less powerful than the first, the tsunami caused small amounts of damage along the east coast and is noted for washing away construction materials being used to repair damage from the earlier tsunami.^[1] No one died in either of the tsunamis, but there could have been a high toll had they struck when beaches were crowded during summer holidays.^[2]