"Labor Day storm" redirects here. For the storm that hit Syracuse, New York, in 1998, see New York State Labor Day derechos. For the Arizona storm in 1970, see Tropical Storm Norma (1970).
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1935 Labor Day hurricane
Weather Bureau surface weather map of the hurricane moving up the west coast of Florida
Meteorological history
Formed
August 29, 1935 (1935-08-29)
Extratropical
September 6, 1935 (1935-09-06)
Dissipated
September 10, 1935 (1935-09-10)
Category 5 major hurricane
1-minute sustained (SSHWS/NWS)
Highest winds
185 mph (295 km/h)
Lowest pressure
892 mbar (hPa); 26.34 inHg (Lowest recorded in the United States; third-lowest recorded in the Atlantic)
Overall effects
Fatalities
423
Damage
$100 million (1935 USD)
Areas affected
The Bahamas, Florida Keys, Southwest and North Florida (Big Bend), Georgia, The Carolinas, Virginia, Maryland, Delaware, New Jersey, New York, New England
IBTrACS
Part of the 1935 Atlantic hurricane season
The 1935 Labor Day Hurricane was an extremely powerful and devastating Atlantic hurricane that struck the southeastern United States in early September 1935. For several decades it was: the most intense Atlantic hurricane on record in terms of barometric pressure, until surpassed by Hurricane Gilbert in 1988;[1] the strongest Atlantic hurricane on record in terms of 1-minute sustained winds, until surpassed by Hurricane Allen in 1980; and the strongest at landfall by 1-minute sustained winds, until it was tied by Hurricane Dorian in 2019. The fourth tropical cyclone, third tropical storm, second hurricane, and second major hurricane of the 1935 Atlantic hurricane season, it is one of four Category 5 hurricanes on record to strike the contiguous United States, along with Hurricane Camille (1969), Hurricane Andrew (1992), and Hurricane Michael (2018).
The hurricane intensified rapidly, passing near Long Key on Labor Day evening, September 2. The region was swept by a massive storm surge as the eye passed over the area. The waters quickly receded after carving new channels connecting the bay with the ocean; however, gale-force winds and rough seas persisted into Tuesday, disrupting rescue efforts. The storm continued northwestward along the Florida west coast, weakening before making its second landfall near Cedar Key, Florida, on September 4.
The hurricane caused catastrophic damage in the upper Florida Keys, as a storm surge of approximately 18 to 20 feet (5.5 to 6.1 m) swept over the low-lying islands. The hurricane's strong winds and the surge destroyed nearly all the structures between Tavernier and Marathon. The town of Islamorada was obliterated. Portions of the Key West Extension of the Florida East Coast Railway were severely damaged or destroyed. In addition, many veterans died in work camps created for the construction of the Overseas Highway, in part due to poor working conditions. The hurricane also caused more damage in northwest Florida, Georgia, and the Carolinas.
^Hensen, Bob. "Remembering the Labor Day Hurricane of 1935 in the Florida Keys". Weather Underground. Archived from the original on August 29, 2016. Retrieved August 14, 2016.
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