Labor strike by longshoremen in California, Oregon, and Washington
1934 West Coast waterfront strike
Confrontation between a policeman wielding a night stick and a striker during the San Francisco General Strike, 1934
Date
May 9 – July 31, 1934 (84 days)[1]
Location
Everett, Washington; Portland, Oregon; San Francisco, California; Seattle, Washington; Los Angeles, California
Methods
Strikes, protest, demonstrations
Parties
International Longshore and Warehouse Union
California National Guard
Lead figures
Harry Bridges; Paddy Morris; Jack Bjorklund; Joseph P. Ryan
Frank Merriam; Angelo Rossi; Julius Meier
Casualties and losses
Deaths: 9, Injuries:>1000, Arrests: >500.[2]
Deaths: Injuries:
v
t
e
General strikes
1800s
Philadelphia 1835
St. Louis
Scranton 1877
First May Day (Haymarket Affair) 1886
New Orleans 1892
1900s
Sweden 1909
Philadelphia 1910
Vancouver 1918
Seattle
Winnipeg 1919
Germany 1920
San Francisco
Minneapolis 1934
Oakland 1946
Austria 1950
Finland 1956
Paraguay 1958
Namibia 1971
Uruguay 1973
Spain 1988
Nepal 1992
2000s
Guinea 2007
Egypt 2008
French Caribbean 2009
Spain 2010
European 2012
India 2016
Brazil
Catalan 2017
Catalan 2019
The 1934 West Coast waterfront strike (also known as the 1934 West Coast longshoremen's strike, as well as a number of variations on these names) lasted 83 days, and began on May 9, 1934, when longshoremen in every US West Coast port walked out. Organized by the International Longshoremen's Association (ILA), the strike peaked with the death of two workers on "Bloody Thursday" and the subsequent San Francisco General Strike, which stopped all work in the major port city for four days and led ultimately to the settlement of the West Coast Longshoremen's Strike.[3]
The result of the strike was the unionization of all of the West Coast ports of the United States. The San Francisco General Strike of 1934, along with the Toledo Auto-Lite Strike of 1934 led by the American Workers Party and the Minneapolis Teamsters Strike of 1934 led by the Communist League of America, were catalysts for the rise of industrial unionism in the 1930s, much of which was organized through the Congress of Industrial Organizations.[1]
^ abPreis, Art (1974). Labor's giant step: twenty years of the CIO. Pathfinder Press. pp. 31–33. ISBN 9780873480246.
^Kimeldorf, Howard (1988). Reds or Rackets?: The Making of Radical and Conservative Unions on the Waterfront. University of California Press. p. 101. ISBN 9780520912779.
^David F. Selvin, A terrible anger: The 1934 waterfront and general strikes in San Francisco (Wayne State University Press, 1996).
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