"Yangtze River (Cháng jiāng)" in Simplified (top) and Traditional (bottom) Chinese characters
Chinese name
Simplified Chinese
长江
Traditional Chinese
長江
Literal meaning
long river
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin
Cháng Jiāng
Gwoyeu Romatzyh
Charng Jiang
Wade–Giles
Ch'ang2 Chiang1
IPA
[ʈʂʰǎŋ tɕjáŋ]ⓘ
Wu
Romanization
Zan入 Kaon平
Xiang
IPA
dɒŋ13kiɒŋ44
Yue: Cantonese
Yale Romanization
Chèuhng Gōng
Jyutping
Coeng4 Gong1
IPA
[tsʰœːŋ˩ kɔːŋ˥]
Southern Min
Tâi-lô
Tiông Kang
Middle Chinese
Middle Chinese
ɖjang kæwng
Old Chinese
Baxter–Sagart (2014)
*Cə-[N]-traŋkˤroŋ
Yangtze River
Simplified Chinese
扬子江
Traditional Chinese
揚子江
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin
Yángzǐ Jiāngⓘ
Wade–Giles
Yang-tzu Chiang
IPA
[jǎŋtsì tɕjáŋ]
Wu
Romanization
Yang入 Tse平 Kaon平
Xiang
IPA
jɒŋ13tsɯ31kiɒŋ44
Yue: Cantonese
Jyutping
Joeng4-zi2 Gong1
Tibetan name
Tibetan
འབྲི་ཆུ་
Transcriptions
Wylie
'Bri Chu
THL
Dri Chu
Yangtze or Yangzi (English: /ˈjæŋtsi/ or /ˈjɑːŋtsi/)[a] is the longest river in Eurasia, the third-longest in the world, and the longest in the world to flow entirely within one country. It rises at Jari Hill in the Tanggula Mountains of the Tibetan Plateau and flows 6,300 km (3,915 mi) in a generally easterly direction to the East China Sea.[8] It is the fifth-largest primary river by discharge volume in the world. Its drainage basin comprises one-fifth of the land area of China, and is home to nearly one-third of the country's population.[9]
The Yangtze has played a major role in the history, culture, and economy of China. For thousands of years, the river has been used for water, irrigation, sanitation, transportation, industry, boundary-marking, and war. The prosperous Yangtze Delta generates as much as 20% of China's GDP. The Three Gorges Dam on the Yangtze is the largest hydro-electric power station in the world that is in use.[10][11] In mid-2014, the Chinese government announced it was building a multi-tier transport network, comprising railways, roads and airports, to create a new economic belt alongside the river.[12]
The Yangtze flows through a wide array of ecosystems and is habitat to several endemic and threatened species including the Chinese alligator, the narrow-ridged finless porpoise, and also was the home of the now extinct Yangtze river dolphin (or baiji) and Chinese paddlefish, as well as the Yangtze sturgeon, which is extinct in the wild. In recent years, the river has suffered from industrial pollution, plastic pollution,[13] agricultural runoff, siltation, and loss of wetland and lakes, which exacerbates seasonal flooding. Some sections of the river are now protected as nature reserves. A stretch of the upstream Yangtze flowing through deep gorges in western Yunnan is part of the Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
^Encyclopædia Britannica: Yangtze River. Archived August 21, 2008, at the Wayback Machine.
^Zhang Zengxin; Tao Hui; Zhang Qiang; Zhang Jinchi; Forher, Nicola; Hörmann, Georg (2009). "Moisture budget variations in the Yangtze River Basin, China, and possible associations with large-scale circulation". Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment. 24 (5): 579–589. doi:10.1007/s00477-009-0338-7. S2CID 122626377.
^"Main Rivers". National Conditions. China.org.cn. Archived from the original on March 13, 2012. Retrieved July 27, 2010.
^https://probeinternational.org/three-gorges-probe/flood-types-yangtze-river Archived July 23, 2011, at the Wayback Machine Accessed February 1, 2011
^"Three Gorges Says Yangtze River Flow Surpasses 1998". Bloomberg Businessweek. July 20, 2010. Archived from the original on July 23, 2010. Retrieved July 27, 2010.
^ abcYunping, Yang; Mingjin, Zhang; Jinhai, Zheng; Lingling, Zhu (2023). "Sediment sink-source transitions in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River estuary". Frontiers in Marine Science. 10. doi:10.3389/fmars.2023.1201533.
^Zhu, Ze-Nan; Zhu, Xiao-Hua; Zhang, Chuanzheng; Chen, Minmo; Zheng, Hua; Zhang, Zhensheng; Zhong, Jiwen; Wei, Lixin; Li, Qiang; Wang, Hua; Li, Shuming; Kaneko, Arata (2021). "Monitoring of Yangtze River Discharge at Datong Hydrometric Station Using Acoustic Tomography Technology". Frontiers in Earth Science. 9: 855. Bibcode:2021FrEaS...9..855Z. doi:10.3389/feart.2021.723123.
^"Yangtze River". Britannica. Retrieved May 8, 2023.
^quote="Today, the Yangtze region is home to more than 400 million people, or nearly one-third of China's population. Some of China's largest cities" Archived December 13, 2017, at the Wayback Machine [1][permanent dead link]. Retrieved September 10, 2010. (in Chinese)
^"Three Gorges Dam, China: Image of the Day". earthobservatory.nasa.gov. June 8, 2009. Archived from the original on October 16, 2009. Retrieved November 3, 2009.
^International Rivers, Three Gorges Dam profile Archived April 20, 2009, at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved August 3, 2009
^"New stimulus measures by China to boost economic growth". Beijing Bulletin. Archived from the original on July 14, 2014. Retrieved June 12, 2014.
^"90 percent of ocean plastic waste comes from Asia and Africa • Earth.com". Earth.com. Archived from the original on January 9, 2019. Retrieved January 9, 2019.
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Yangtze or Yangzi (English: /ˈjæŋtsi/ or /ˈjɑːŋtsi/) is the longest river in Eurasia, the third-longest in the world, and the longest in the world to...
The Yangtze Delta or Yangtze River Delta (YRD, Chinese: 长江三角洲 or simply Chinese: 长三角), previously known as the Shanghai Economic Zone, is a triangle-shaped...
bearer") is a possibly extinct species of freshwater dolphin native to the Yangtze river system in China. It is thought to be the first dolphin species driven...
The Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge (simplified Chinese: 南京长江大桥; traditional Chinese: 南京長江大橋; pinyin: Nánjīng Chángjiāng Dàqiáo), previously called the First...
Yangtze civilization (simplified Chinese: 长江文明; traditional Chinese: 長江文明) is a generic name for various ancient Neolithic and Bronze Age cultures from...
三峽大壩; pinyin: Sānxiá Dàbà) is a hydroelectric gravity dam that spans the Yangtze River near Sandouping in Yiling District, Yichang, Hubei province, central...
The Yangtze Patrol, also known as the Yangtze River Patrol Force, Yangtze River Patrol, YangPat, and ComYangPat, was a prolonged naval operation from...
The 1931 China floods, or the 1931 Yangtze–Huai River floods, occurred from June to August 1931 in China, hitting major cities such as Wuhan, Nanjing...
plains along the Yangtze River and its major tributaries. The Yangtze Plain starts east of Yichang (Hubei province), China. The Middle Yangtze Plain is made...
The 1935 Yangtze flood struck China during a decade of flooding, famine and social turmoil. It is considered to be the fifth deadliest flood in recorded...
The Yangtze finless porpoise (Neophocaena asiaeorientalis) is a species of toothed whale in the family Phocoenidae, the porpoise family. It is endemic...
500 sq mi), and a population of 9,423,400 as of 2021[update]. Situated in the Yangtze River Delta region, Nanjing has a prominent place in Chinese history and...
Silurus meridionalis, the Yangtze catfish, is a species of catfish found in Asia in the middle Yangtze River basin, China. This species reaches a length...
The Yangtze giant softshell turtle (Rafetus swinhoei), also known commonly as the Red River giant softshell turtle, the Shanghai softshell turtle, the...
largest city is Hefei. The province is located across the basins of the Yangtze and Huai rivers, bordering Jiangsu and Zhejiang to the east, Jiangxi to...
is an airline based in China. It was formerly known as Yangtze River Express and later Yangtze River Airlines after launching passenger services. The...
Sichuan Basin and the upstream Yangtze, as well as for manufacturing and transportation. It is a connection in the Yangtze River Economic Belt and a base...
(武汉三镇). Wuhan lies in the eastern Jianghan Plain, at the confluence of the Yangtze river and its largest tributary, the Han River, and is known as "Nine Provinces'...
The Wuhan Yangtze Great Bridge (simplified Chinese: 武汉长江大桥; traditional Chinese: 武漢長江大橋; pinyin: Wǔhàn Chángjiāng Dàqiáo), commonly known as Wuhan First...
Mandarin, such as those of the Southwest (including Sichuanese) and the Lower Yangtze, are not mutually intelligible with the standard language (or are only...
The Yangtze Plate, also called the South China Block or the South China Subplate, comprises the bulk of southern China. It is separated on the east from...
The Husutong Yangtze River Bridge is a combined rail and road bridge which crosses the Yangtze River in Jiangsu, China. It is the easternmost railway...
From June to September 1954, the Yangtze River Floods were a series of catastrophic floodings that occurred mostly in Hubei Province. Due to unusually...
China Yangtze Power Co., Ltd. (CYPC), known as Yangtze Power is a Chinese utilities company, headquartered in Beijing. The company is a component of SSE...
territories south of the Yangtze (below Wuhan, Poyang region, and Hangzhou Bay). His navy established local superiority over the Yangtze. Nevertheless, he would...
Yangtze University (长江大学) is a provincial public university in Jingzhou, Hubei, China. It is affiliated with the Province of Hubei and primarily sponsored...
simplified Chinese: 鼍; traditional Chinese: 鼉; pinyin: tuó), also known as the Yangtze alligator (simplified Chinese: 扬子鳄; traditional Chinese: 揚子鱷; pinyin: yángzǐ'è)...