Umar information

Umar
عُمَر
Umar; عُمَر
Amir al-Mu'minin;
	Calligraphic seal featuring Umar's name, on display in the Hagia Sophia, Istanbul
2nd Caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate
Reign	23 August 634 – 3 November 644
Predecessor	Abu Bakr
Successor	Uthman
Born	c. 583; Mecca, Hejaz, Arabia
Died	November 644 (aged 60–61); Medina, Hejaz, Rashidun Caliphate
Burial	Prophet's Mosque, Medina
Spouse	Zaynab bint Maz'un; Umm Kulthum bint Jarwal; Qurayba bint Abi Umayya; Jamila bint Thabit; Atiqa bint Zayd; Umm Hakim bint Harith; Umm Kulthum bint Ali;
Issue	Hafsa; Abd Allah; Ubayd Allah; Asim; Zayd;
Tribe	Quraysh (Banu Adi)
Father	Al-Khattab ibn Nufayl
Mother	Hantamah bint Hisham
Religion	Islam
Signature
	Arabic name
Personal (Ism)	ʿUmar
Patronymic (Nasab)	ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb ibn Nufayl ibn ʿAbd al-ʿUzzā ibn Rāz ibn ʿAdiyy ibn Kaʿab ibn Luʿayy ibn Ghālib ibn Fihr ibn Mālik
Teknonymic (Kunya)	Abul Hafs
Epithet (Laqab)	Al-Fārūq ("the distinguisher (between right and wrong)")

Umar ibn al-Khattab (Arabic: عُمَر بْن ٱلْخَطَّاب, romanized: ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb; c. 583 – November 644) was the second caliph, ruling from August 634 until his assassination in November 644. A prominent companion and father-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, Umar succeeded Abu Bakr (r. 632–634) as the second caliph.

Born into the Banu Adi, Umar initially opposed Muhammad, his distant Qurayshite kinsman and later son-in-law. Following his conversion to Islam in 616, he became the first Muslim to openly pray at the Kaaba. Umar participated in almost all battles and expeditions under Muhammad, who supposedly bestowed the title al-Fārūq upon him, for his judgements. After Muhammad's death in June 632, Umar pledged allegiance to Abu Bakr (r. 632–634) as the first caliph and served as the closest adviser to the latter until August 634, when the dying Abu Bakr nominated Umar as his successor.

Under Umar, the caliphate expanded at an unprecedented rate, conquering the Sasanian Empire and more than two-thirds of the Byzantine Empire. His attacks against the Sasanian Empire resulted in the conquest of Persia in less than two years (642–644). According to Jewish tradition, Umar set aside the Christian ban on Jews and allowed them into Jerusalem and to worship. Umar was assassinated by the Persian slave Abu Lu'lu'a Firuz in 644.

Umar is generally viewed by historians to be one of the most powerful and influential Muslim caliphs in history. Shia tradition views Umar as an enemy of the ahl al-bayt who attacked Muhammad's daughter Fatima and helped stealing the caliphate from the rightful successor Ali. In contrast, Umar is revered by Sunni Muslims as the second of the rashidun (rightly-guided) caliphs, a paragon of Islamic virtues and the second greatest companion after Abu Bakr.

Umar information

and 21 Related for: Umar information

Umar

Umar Khalid

Umar Johnson

Umar ibn Umar

Umar Nurmagomedov

Hafsa bint Umar

Abd Allah ibn Umar

Pact of Umar

Mohammed Umar

Umar bin Hafiz

Rashidun Caliphate

Taufeeq Umar

Umar Marvi

Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab

Qasim Umar

Mirwaiz Umar Farooq

Shia view of Umar

Mosque of Omar

Ebru Umar

Umar Sadiq

Umar Akmal

Umar عُمَر
Amir al-Mu'minin
Calligraphic seal featuring Umar's name, on display in the Hagia Sophia, Istanbul
2nd Caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate
Reign	23 August 634 – 3 November 644
Predecessor	Abu Bakr
Successor	Uthman

Born	c. 583 Mecca, Hejaz, Arabia
Died	November 644 (aged 60–61) Medina, Hejaz, Rashidun Caliphate
Burial	Prophet's Mosque, Medina
Spouse	Zaynab bint Maz'un Umm Kulthum bint Jarwal Qurayba bint Abi Umayya Jamila bint Thabit Atiqa bint Zayd Umm Hakim bint Harith Umm Kulthum bint Ali
Issue	Hafsa Abd Allah Ubayd Allah Asim Zayd
Tribe	Quraysh (Banu Adi)
Father	Al-Khattab ibn Nufayl
Mother	Hantamah bint Hisham
Religion	Islam
Signature
Arabic name
Personal (Ism)	ʿUmar
Patronymic (Nasab)	ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb ibn Nufayl ibn ʿAbd al-ʿUzzā ibn Rāz ibn ʿAdiyy ibn Kaʿab ibn Luʿayy ibn Ghālib ibn Fihr ibn Mālik
Teknonymic (Kunya)	Abul Hafs
Epithet (Laqab)	Al-Fārūq ("the distinguisher (between right and wrong)")

Part of a series on Sunni Islam
Beliefs God Prophets and Messengers Holy books Succession to Muhammad Angels Judgement Day Predestination Sahaba
Five Pillars Declaration of Faith Prayer Charity Fasting Pilgrimage
Rightly-Guided Caliphs Abu Bakr Umar Uthman Ali
Sunni schools of law Hanafi Maliki Shafi'i Hanbali Others Zahiri Awza'i Thawri Laythi Jariri
Sunni schools of theology Ash'arism and Maturidism (Ahl al-Ra'y) Atharism (Ahl al-Hadith) In terms of Ihsan: Sufis (Ahl al-Wijdan wa al-Kashf)
Contemporary movements Barelvi movement Deobandi movement Salafism Wahhabism Ahl-i Hadith Modernism Farahi school Neo-traditionalism
Holy sites Mecca Medina Jerusalem
Lists Literature Kutub al-Sittah History Persecution
Islam portal
v t e