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Toubou people information


Toubou
Traditional Toubou warriors
Total population
c. 1,225,933[1]
Regions with significant populations
Toubou people Chad1,074,343[1]
Toubou people Niger101,590[2]
Toubou people Libya50,000[3]–85,000[4]
Languages
Tebu languages (Daza, Teda)[5][6]
Arabic (Chadian Arabic, Libyan Arabic)
Religion
Islam (Sunni Islam)[7]
Related ethnic groups
Tuareg, Kanembu, Zaghawa

The Toubou or Tubu (from Old Tebu, meaning "rock people"[8]) are an ethnic group native to the Tibesti Mountains[9] that inhabit the central Sahara in northern Chad, southern Libya, northeastern Niger and northwestern Sudan. They live either as herders and nomads or as farmers near oases. Their society is clan-based, with each clan having certain oases, pastures and wells.[10]

The Toubou are generally divided into two closely related groups: the Teda (or Tuda, Téda, Toda, Tirah) and the Daza (or Dazzaga, Dazagara, Dazagada). They are believed to share a common origin and speak the Tebu languages, which are from the Saharan branch of the Nilo-Saharan language family.[11] Tebu is divided further into two closely related languages, called Tedaga (Téda Toubou) and Dazaga (Dazaga Gouran). Of the two groups, the Daza, found to the south of the Teda, are more numerous.[12]

The Toubou people are also referred to as the Tabu, Tebu, Tebou, Tibu, Tibbu, Toda, Todga, Todaga, Tubu, Tuda, Tudaga, or Gorane people.[6][7] The Daza are sometimes referred to as Gouran (or Gorane, Goran, Gourane), an Arabian exonym.[13] Many of Chad's leaders have been Toubou (Gouran), including presidents Goukouni Oueddei and Hissène Habré.[14]

  1. ^ a b "Chad". Retrieved 18 September 2023.
  2. ^ "Niger". Retrieved 18 September 2023.
  3. ^ "Indigenous World 2021: Libya - IWGIA - International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs". iwgia.org. Retrieved 26 October 2022.
  4. ^ Shoup, John A. (31 October 2011). Ethnic Groups of Africa and the Middle East: An Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. p. 284. ISBN 978-1-59884-362-0.
  5. ^ Dazaga: A language of Chad, Ethnologue
  6. ^ a b Tedaga: A language of Chad, Ethnologue
  7. ^ a b Teda people, Encyclopædia Britannica
  8. ^ MacMichael, Harold: A history of the Arabs in the Sudan and some account of the people who preceded them and of the tribes inhabiting Darfur. 1922.
  9. ^ "Important Facts About the Tibesti Mountains". WorldAtlas. 13 February 2018. Retrieved 26 October 2022.
  10. ^ Copson, Raymond W. (1 January 1994). Africa's Wars and Prospects for Peace. M.E. Sharpe. ISBN 9781563243004.
  11. ^ International Encyclopedia of Linguistics. Oxford University Press. 1 January 2003. ISBN 9780195139778.
  12. ^ Olson, James Stuart (1996). The Peoples of Africa: An Ethnohistorical Dictionary. Greenwood Publishing. ISBN 978-0313279188.
  13. ^ First Encyclopaedia of Islam: 1913-1936. BRILL. 1993. p. 818. ISBN 978-9004097964.
  14. ^ Young, Tom (1 January 2003). Readings in African Politics. Indiana University Press. ISBN 978-0253216465.

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Toubou people

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The Toubou or Tubu (from Old Tebu, meaning "rock people") are an ethnic group native to the Tibesti Mountains that inhabit the central Sahara in northern...

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Toubou Front for the Salvation of Libya

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defend the rights and interests of the Toubou people in Libya. It is led by Issa Abdel Majid Mansur, a Libyan Toubou tribal leader, and has its headquarters...

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Caste systems in Africa

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have been divinely sanctioned. The Mandara people also featured an endogamous slave strata. The Toubou people are an Islamic ethnic group inhabiting northern...

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Zaghawa people

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earliest references to them in 8th-century texts are made jointly with the Toubou people of northern Chad and southern Libya, and scholars believe the two are...

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Dahabaya Oumar Souni

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former Ennedi Ouest Department and a member of the Gaida clan of the Toubou people. He has held several senior positions in the Chad National Army under...

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Tibesti Mountains

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Tibesti, which means "place where the mountain people live", is the domain of the Toubou people. The Toubou live mainly along the wadis, on rare oases where...

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Tebu languages

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the two groups of Toubou people, the Daza and Teda. Tebu is predominantly spoken in Chad and in southern Libya by around 580,000 people. Daza and Teda have...

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Flag of Niger

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population of Niger) Flag of the Toubou people (0.4% of the total population of Niger) Flag of Daza-speaking Toubou people Coat of arms of Niger See: Demographics...

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Daza language

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Dazaga) is a Nilo-Saharan language spoken by the Daza people (a sub-group of the Toubou people) inhabiting northern Chad and eastern Niger. The Daza are...

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List of active separatist movements in Africa

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(2016-03-14). "People of Toubou Seeking Independence in Libya". ASHARQ AL-AWSAT English Archive. Retrieved 2023-06-13. "Libya's Toubou tribal leader raises...

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Visa policy of Libya

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borders are not controlled by the Government but by the Tuareg people and Toubou people. Nationals of Qatar are only allowed to enter or transit Libya...

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Tabu

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of state-owned arable land to a peasant family in the Ottoman Empire Toubou people of Africa Tabu (actress) (born 1971), Indian actress Tabu Ley Rochereau...

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Tourism in Libya

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these borders are not controlled by the Government but by Tuareg people and Toubou people. As of 2017, governments of the United States, New Zealand, Australia...

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Goukouni Oueddei

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François Tombalbaye and advocated the participation of central and northern peoples. After Tombalbaye's assassination in 1975, tensions between the two geographical...

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Teda language

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Nilo-Saharan language spoken by the Teda, a northern subgroup of the Toubou people who inhabit southern Libya, northern Chad and eastern Niger. A small...

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Abakar Sabone

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daughter was married to Mahamat Déby. He belongs to the Gorane branch of Toubou ethnic group. Moloma, Gisele. "RCA : Bangui lance un mandat d'arrêt international...

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Sand cat

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requirements from their prey but drank water if it was available. The Toubou people have reported incidents of sand cats coming to their camps at night...

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Kreda

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Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Kreda may refer to: Kreda, a clan of the Toubou people of North Africa Kréda (horse), a variant of the Dongola horse breed...

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Languages of Niger

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is the official language. It is spoken mainly as a second language by people who have received an education (20% of Nigeriens are literate in French...

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Ouled Slimane people

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however they maintained hostile relations with other populations such as the Toubou or the Tuareg. After Gaddafi's rise, the Libyan leader encouraged the Ouled...

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Kanuri people

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Empire, and its client states or provinces. In contrast to the neighboring Toubou or Zaghawa pastoralists, Kanuri groups have traditionally been sedentary...

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Gorani

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(disambiguation) Gurani (disambiguation) Gorane, a subgroup of the Toubou people of North Africa Gourané, a village in Ivory Coast This disambiguation...

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Dao Timmi

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in the Djado Plateau of northern Niger. During an uprising by ethnic Toubou people during the 1990s, a minefield was installed. In response to crackdowns...

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Mahamat Nouri

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for Democratic Change under Abdelwahid Aboud Mackaye, giving birth to a Toubou-Arab coalition. Acheikh became Vice-President while Nouri obtained the presidency...

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Tuareg people

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Burkina Faso: 1.9% of 21.4 million Adriana Petre; Ewan Gordon (7 June 2016). "Toubou-Tuareg Dynamics within Libya" (PDF). DANU Strategic Forecasting Group. Archived...

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Kufra

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literally "those who conceal [the truth]"), with reference to the Toubou people native to the region. Kufra is an elliptic shaped basin, oriented northeast-southwest...

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