This article is about the body of water between Asia and Africa. For other uses, see Red Sea (disambiguation).
Red Sea
Red Sea coast at Egyptian resort Makadi Bay
Location
North Africa, East Africa, and West Asia
Coordinates
22°N38°E / 22°N 38°E / 22; 38
Type
Sea
Primary inflows
Barka River, Haddas River, Anseba River, Wadi Gasus
Primary outflows
Bab el Mandeb
Basin countries
Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Yemen, Somalia, Israel, and Jordan
Max. length
2,250 km (1,400 mi)
Max. width
355 km (221 mi)
Surface area
438,000 km2 (169,000 sq mi)
Average depth
490 m (1,610 ft)
Max. depth
3,040 m (9,970 ft)
Water volume
233,000 km3 (56,000 cu mi)
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The Red Sea (Modern Arabic: البحر الأحمر, romanized: al-Baḥr al-ʾAḥmar, Medieval Arabic: بحر القلزم, romanized: Baḥr al-Qulzum; Biblical Hebrew: יַם-סוּף, romanized: Yam Sūp̄ or Hebrew: הַיָּם הָאָדְוֹם, romanized: hayYām hāʾĀḏōm; Coptic: ⲫⲓⲟⲙ ⲛ̀ϩⲁϩ Phiom Enhah or ⲫⲓⲟⲙ ⲛ̀ϣⲁⲣⲓ Phiom ǹšari; Amarigna: ቀይ ባሕሪ Qey Bahr; Tigrinya: ቀይሕ ባሕሪ Qeyih Bahri; Somali: Badda Cas; Afar: "Qasa Bad") is a seawater inlet of the Indian Ocean, lying between Africa and Asia. Its connection to the ocean is in the south, through the Bab el Mandeb strait and the Gulf of Aden. To its north lie the Sinai Peninsula, the Gulf of Aqaba, and the Gulf of Suez (leading to the Suez Canal). It is underlain by the Red Sea Rift, which is part of the Great Rift Valley.
The Red Sea has a surface area of roughly 438,000 km2 (169,000 sq mi),[1] is about 2,250 km (1,400 mi) long, and — at its widest point — 355 km (221 mi) wide. It has an average depth of 490 m (1,610 ft), and in the central Suakin Trough it reaches its maximum depth of 3,040 m (9,970 ft).[2]
Approximately 40% of the Red Sea is quite shallow (less than 100 m (330 ft) deep), and about 25% is less than 50 m (164 ft) deep.[not verified in body] The extensive shallow shelves are noted for their marine life and corals. More than 1,000 invertebrate species and 200 types of soft and hard coral live in the sea. The Red Sea is the world's northernmost tropical sea, and has been designated a Global 200 ecoregion.
^"State of the Marine Environment Report for the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden: 2006" (PDF). 2008-06-16. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2021-04-21. Retrieved 25 January 2020.
^Dinwiddie, Robert (2008). Thomas, Louise (ed.). Ocean: The World's Last Wilderness Revealed. London: Dorling Kindersley. p. 452. ISBN 978-0-7566-2205-3.
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