"Prolamine" redirects here. For the heterocyclic compound, see Pyrrolidine.
Prolamins are a group of plant storage proteins having a high proline amino acid content. They are found in plants, mainly in the seeds of cereal grains such as wheat (gliadin), barley (hordein), rye (secalin), corn (zein), sorghum (kafirin), and oats (avenin). They are characterised by a high glutamine and proline content, and have poor solubility in water. They solubilise best in strong alcohol (70–80%), light acid, and alkaline solutions. The prolamins of the tribe Triticeae, such as wheat gliadin, and related proteins (see Triticeae glutens) are known to trigger coeliac disease, an autoimmune condition, in genetically predisposed individuals.[1]
Maize and sorghum prolamins are sorted by molecular weight into four classes, α, β, γ and δ. Alpha- and delta- prolamins cluster in a broad phylogenetic group (Group 1). The rest cluster into Group 2. Group 1 is widely duplicated in the two plants.[2] A database of Triticeae prolamins (glutens) is available.[3] There does not seem to be an analysis that tries to cluster both sources of prolamins into a grand classification.[citation needed]
^Holding, DR (2014). "Recent advances in the study of prolamin storage protein organization and function". Frontiers in Plant Science. 5: 276. doi:10.3389/fpls.2014.00276. PMC 4064455. PMID 24999346.
^Bromilow, S; Gethings, LA; Buckley, M; Bromley, M; Shewry, PR; Langridge, JI; Clare Mills, EN (23 June 2017). "A curated gluten protein sequence database to support development of proteomics methods for determination of gluten in gluten-free foods". Journal of Proteomics. 163: 67–75. doi:10.1016/j.jprot.2017.03.026. PMC 5479479. PMID 28385663.
Prolamins are a group of plant storage proteins having a high proline amino acid content. They are found in plants, mainly in the seeds of cereal grains...
Glutelins are a class of prolamin proteins found in the endosperm of certain seeds of the grass family. They constitute a major component of the protein...
Gliadin (a type of prolamin) is a class of proteins present in wheat and several other cereals within the grass genus Triticum. Gliadins, which are a component...
maltose, 30 percent complex carbohydrates, and 3 percent storage protein (prolamin glycoprotein).[citation needed] Malt syrup is dark brown, thick, sticky...
and now considered low solubility prolamin or globulin storage proteins . Gluten consists of a mixture of prolamins: 'glutenin' and 'gliadin'. Osborne...
composed of storage proteins. The best known storage protein in wheat is the prolamin gliadin, a component of gluten. Berg, Jeremy M.; Tymoczko, John L.; Stryer...
components in wheat, for example serine protease inhibitors, glutelins and prolamins and different responses are often attributed to different proteins. Twenty-seven...
Hordein is a prolamin glycoprotein, present in barley and some other cereals, together with gliadin and other glycoproteins (such as glutelins) coming...
cultivar consumed because the prolamin genes, protein amino acid sequences, and the immunoreactivities of toxic prolamins are different in different oat...
and are coagulated by heat globulins – soluble on 'isotonic' solutions prolamins – soluble in aqueous alcohol glutelins – are soluble in dilute acids or...
small but significant 2S storage protein. 2S albumin are grouped in the prolamin superfamily. Other allergenic proteins included in this 'superfamily' are...
by protein families: cupins, prolamins, profilin and others. Peanuts and soybeans have proteins in the cupin, prolamin, and profilin families, while...
certain cereal grains. The term gluten usually refers to a wheat grain's prolamins, specifically glutelin proteins, that naturally occur in many cereal grains...
on the oat cultivar consumed because the immunoreactivities of toxic prolamins are different among oat varieties. Furthermore, oats are frequently cross-contaminated...
process for ethanol or in new off-shore manufacture.[citation needed] Alpha-prolamins are the major seed storage proteins of species of the grass tribe Andropogoneae...
Secalin is a prolamin glycoprotein found in the grain rye, Secale cereale. Secalin is one of the forms of gluten proteins that people with coeliac disease...
oxalates. They also contain several classes of protein: globulin, albumin, prolamin, and glutelin. The proteins are mainly albumins and globulins, which account...
Carrillo, José M. (2010). "Allelic Variation and Geographical Patterns of Prolamins in the USDA-ARS Khorasan Wheat Germplasm Collection". Crop Science. 50...
nutritional improvement of cereals because it leads to hydrolysis of prolamins and the liberated amino acids such as glutamic and proline are converted...
and rye contain poly-Q repeat sequences similar to those present in the prolamin storage proteins of the endosperm. It has therefore been suggested that...
Identifiable allergenic proteins are grouped into families: cupins, prolamins, profilin and others. Tree nuts have proteins in these families, as do...
polyphyletic. Members of this genus produce their own variety of α-zein prolamins. These prolamins have undergone unusually rapid evolutionary divergence from closely...
in hemp Vicilin is a associated protein to legumin in peas and lentils Prolamin is another group of storage proteins in plants "Legumin" . New International...
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