Prime Minister of Australia | |
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Incumbent Anthony Albanese since 23 May 2022 | |
Australian Government Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet | |
Style |
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Status | Head of government |
Member of |
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Reports to |
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Residence |
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Seat | Office of the Prime Minister, Parliament House |
Appointer | Governor-General[3] (according to the wishes of the House of Representatives) |
Formation | 1 January 1901 | [3]
First holder | Edmund Barton[3] |
Deputy | Deputy Prime Minister |
Salary | $586,930 (2023)[4] |
Website | pm |
The prime minister of Australia is the head of government of the Commonwealth of Australia. The prime minister leads the Australian Government, the executive arm of the federal level of government, by virtue of chairing Cabinet. In accordance with the principles of responsible government, the prime minister and all other ministers are drawn from and accountable to Parliament.
The current prime minister is Anthony Albanese of the Australian Labor Party, who assumed the office on 23 May 2022.[5][6]
Formally appointed by the governor-general, the role and duties of the prime minister are not described by the Australian constitution but rather defined by constitutional convention deriving from the Westminster system. To become prime minister, a politician should be able to command the confidence of the House of Representatives. As such, the prime minister is typically the leader of the majority party or coalition. Prime ministers do not have a set duration or number of terms, but an individual's term generally ends when their political party loses a federal election, or they lose or relinquish the leadership of their party.
Executive power is formally vested in the monarch and exercised by the governor-general on advice from government ministers, who are nominated by the prime minister and form the Federal Executive Council. The most senior ministers form the federal cabinet, which the prime minister chairs. The prime minister also heads the National Cabinet and the National Security Committee. Administrative support is provided by the Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet. The prime minister has two official residences: The Lodge in Canberra and Kirribilli House in Sydney, as well as an office at Parliament House.
Thirty-one people (thirty men and one woman) have served as prime minister, the first of whom was Edmund Barton taking office on 1 January 1901 following federation of the British colonies in Australia. The longest-serving prime minister was Robert Menzies, who served over 18 years, and the shortest-serving was Frank Forde, who served one week. There is no legislated line of succession, however convention determines that the governor-general shall commission the deputy prime minister on a caretaker basis in the event of a vacancy.