Location of Pithom (as Tell El Maskhuta) in Ismailia Governorate, Egypt
pr-jtm[1] in hieroglyphs
Pithom (Ancient Egyptian: pr-jtm;Biblical Hebrew: פִּתֹם, romanized: Piṯom'; Koinē Greek: Ἡρώπόλις, romanized: Hērṓpólis or ἩρώωνπόλιςHērṓōnpólis,[2] and ΠατούμοςPatoúmos) was an ancient city of Egypt. References in the Hebrew Bible and ancient Greek and Roman sources[3] exist for this city, but its exact location remains somewhat uncertain. Some scholars identified it as the later archaeological site of Tell el-Maskhuta (Arabic: تل المسخوطة, romanized: Tall al-Masḫuṭa).[4] Others identified it as the earlier archaeological site of Tell El Retabeh (Arabic: تل الرتابة, romanized: Tall al-Ratāba).[5]
^Gauthier, Henri (1925). Dictionnaire des Noms Géographiques Contenus dans les Textes Hiéroglyphiques Vol. 2. p. 59.
^Bard, Kathryn A. (11 March 1999). Encyclopedia of the Archaeology of Ancient Egypt. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-0-203-98283-9.
^Strabo xvi. 759, 768, xvii. 803, 804; Arrian, Exp. Alex. iii. 5, vii. 20; Joseph. Ant. Jud. ii. 7. § 5; Plin. v. 9. § 11, vi. 32. § 33; Mela, iii. 8; Steph. B. s. v.; Ptol. ii. 1. § 6, iv. 15. § 54
^Killebrew, Ann E. (October 2005). Biblical Peoples and Ethnicity: An Archaeological Study of Egyptians, Canaanite. Society of Biblical Literature. p. 152. ISBN 978-1-58983-097-4.
^Mitchell, T. C. (29 July 1988). Biblical Archaeology: Documents for the British Museum. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-36867-4.
Delta from the 7th century BCE, but John Van Seters thinks this unlikely. Pithom Raamses On In 1885, Édouard Naville identified Goshen as the 20th nome of...
pr-itm, 'House of Atum', changed over time into 'Tumilat', as well as into 'Pithom'). The old name of the valley is Wadi as-Sadir (Arabic: وادي السدير), which...
known as the Memphis Stele, and a nearly complete copy is found on the Pithom Stele II. Ptolemaic Decrees Decree of Canopus, for Ptolemy III Rosetta Stone...
at Mendes, shortly after his accession. The Pithom stele records the inauguration of a temple at Pithom by Ptolemy, in 279 BC on his royal jubilee. Both...
canal through the ancient Egyptian cities of Bubastis, Pi-Ramesses, and Pithom were discovered by Napoleon Bonaparte and his engineers and cartographers...
Original name of Palestine Phrygia – Nation in Asia Minor Phut Phoenicia Pithom Punt Puqudu, as "Pekod" Patmos Ramathlehi Rapiqum – Assyrian City Rehoboth...
nearest large body of water after Wadi Tumilat. Lake Timsah was connected to Pithom in Gesem at various times by a canal, and a late 1st millennium text refers...
them, commanding them to build at two "supply" or "store cities" called Pithom and Rameses (Exodus 1:11). The pharaoh also orders the slaughter at birth...
Akhenaten in the 14th century B.C. It was the capital of Egypt in his reign. Pithom – A city was built by the King Ramesses II in the 13th century B.C. Pi-Ramesses...
(Exodus 12:40–41), and including place names such as Goshen (Gen. 46:28), Pithom and Ramesses (Exod. 1:11), as well as stating that 600,000 Israelite men...
Metelis) Damanhur West harpoon Hu 8 A-bt Tjeku / Per-Atum (Heroonpolis, Pithom) Tell el-Maskhuta East harpoon Atum 9 Ati Djed (Busiris) Abu Sir Bara Andjeti...
the Hebrews. He forces them to work long hours, which includes building Pithom and Ramses, making mortar, and baking bricks. He also issues a decree to...
God Atum or Temu, and built a temple to this God at Per-Atum (Biblical Pithom).[citation needed] After his death, Setnakhte was buried in KV14 which was...
ISBN 978-1-84472-004-0. Paice, Patricia (1992), "The Punt Relief, the Pithom Stela, and the Periplus of the Erythean Sea", in Harrak, Amir (ed.), Contacts...
them to control a large territory stretching from the Egyptian city of Pithom (presently Tall al-Masḫuṭa) in the eastern Nile Delta through the Negev...
those place-names on the Exodus route which have been identified – Goshen, Pithom, Succoth, Ramesses and Kadesh Barnea – as existing in the 2nd millennium...
Saadia Gaon, thought el-Fayyum to have actually been the biblical city of Pithom, mentioned in Exodus 1:11. Around 1245 CE, the region became the subject...
derived from a contemporary identification of Fayum with the Biblical Pithom, an identification found in Saadia's works. At the age of 20, Saadia began...
in Egypt for Greek trade before the foundation of Alexandria Per-Atum (Pithom) Around 1900 BC 8th Atum Tell-el-Maskhuta Tjeku, Heroöpolis, Heroonopolis...
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