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Pastaza River information


Pastaza River
The Pastaza at Mera, Pastaza Province
Amazon Basin with Pastaza River in the far west
Native nameRío Pastaza (Spanish)
Location
Countries
  • Ecuador
  • Peru
Physical characteristics
SourceCotopaxi Province
 • coordinates0°40′0″S 78°27′0″W / 0.66667°S 78.45000°W / -0.66667; -78.45000
 • elevation4,570 m (14,990 ft)[1]
MouthMarañón River
 • coordinates
4°54′29″S 76°24′32″W / 4.90806°S 76.40889°W / -4.90806; -76.40889
 • elevation
120 m (390 ft)[2]
Length710 km (440 mi)[1]
Basin size39,504 km2 (15,253 sq mi)[3]
Discharge 
 • locationConfluence of Marañón (near mouth)
 • average2,769 m3/s (97,800 cu ft/s)[4]
Ramsar Wetland
Official nameComplejo de humedales del Abanico del río Pastaza
Designated5 June 2002
Reference no.1174[5]

The Pastaza River (Spanish: Río Pastaza, formerly known as the Sumatara[6]) is a large tributary to the Marañón River in the northwestern Amazon Basin of South America.[7]

It has its headwaters in the Ecuadorian province of Cotopaxi, flowing off the northwestern slopes of the volcano Cotopaxi and known as the Patate River. The Patate flows south and in Tungurahua Province it is joined by the Chambo River just upstream from the town of Baños de Agua Santa just north of the volcano Mount Tungurahua and becomes the Pastaza.[8][9] Seven kilometers east of Baños, it is dammed for the Agoyán hydroelectric project, which has created a silty lagoon by the village of La Cieniga.[9] The Agoyán dam was placed in that location specifically to leave the famous Falls of Agoyán, about 5 km further downstream, intact. After the waterfall the river enters a gorge where there is very fast whitewater with class-4 rapids; it is often used for whitewater rafting although it is not considered to be of the same quality as the Tena River and is therefore less popular for the sport.[10]

From the junction with the Chambo, the Pastaza flows almost due east for about 275 kilometres (171 mi) where it then turns south-east, as it is joined by the Topo River.[11] The Troncal Amazonas highway parallels the river from Baños to Puyo, passing through seven tunnels, and four major waterfalls that are touristic destinations for many Ecuadorians (Agoyán and Pailón del Diablo being the most popular.) Just past the town of Santa Inez, the Pastaza River crosses into the province of Pastaza, where it forms the boundary between that province and Morona-Santiago. At the town of Mera, shortly before reaching Puyo, the river exits the mountains and flows into a wide valley, becoming wider and shallower.[12] After Shell the river becomes braided and meanders, leaving oxbows and sloughs along its route across the Amazonian floodplain.

After cutting through Ecuador, the Pastaza passes into Peru at the village of Hito Zoilaluz on Isla Zoilaluz[13] and flows south into the Marañón River near Puerto Industrial.[2]

  1. ^ a b Ziesler, R.; Ardizzone, G.D. (1979). "Amazon River System". The Inland waters of Latin America. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. ISBN 92-5-000780-9. Archived from the original on 8 November 2014.
  2. ^ a b Topographic map San Isidro, Peru, Series J632, Sheet 1661, 1:100,000 Instituto Geografico Nacional (IGN), Lima, Peru, October 1993, reprinted by the U.S. National Imagery and Mapping Agency
  3. ^ "Oficina Nacional de Evaluación de Recursos Naturales (ONERN)". 1980.
  4. ^ "Oficina Nacional de Evaluación de Recursos Naturales (ONERN)". 1980.
  5. ^ "Complejo de humedales del Abanico del río Pastaza". Ramsar Sites Information Service. Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  6. ^ Enock, Charles Reginald (1914) Ecuador: its ancient and modern history, topography and natural resources, industries and social development Charles Scribner's sons, New York, pages 177–178, OCLC 2453173
  7. ^ Ziesler, R. and G.D. Ardizzone, G.D. (1979) "Amazon System" Las Aguas Continentales de America Latina / The Inland Waters of Latin America (COPESCAL Technical Paper No. 1) Fisheries and Aquaculture Department, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Rome, ISBN 92-5-000780-9, in English and Spanish
  8. ^ Instituto Geografico Militar del Ecuador, Mapa Tungurahua 50,000:1
  9. ^ a b Topographic map Baños, Ecuador, Series J721, Sheet 3989 IV, 1:50,000 Instituto Geográfico Militar (IGM), Quito, Ecuador, September 2000, reprinted by the U.S. National Imagery and Mapping Agency
  10. ^ Guia Turistica del Tungurahua, Ministerio de Turismo Ecuador
  11. ^ Topographic map Rio Negro, Ecuador, Series J721, Sheet 3990 II, 1:50,000 Instituto Geográfico Militar (IGM), Quito, Ecuador, June 1996, reprinted by the U.S. National Imagery and Mapping Agency
  12. ^ Topographic map Mera, Ecuador, Series J721, Sheet 3989-I, 1:50,000, Instituto Geográfico Militar (IGM), Quito, Ecuador, 1989, a reduced image is available from IGM
  13. ^ Topographic map Checherta, Peru, Series J632, Sheet 1565, 1:100,000 Instituto Geografico Nacional (IGN), Lima, Peru, June 1995, reprinted by the U.S. National Imagery and Mapping Agency

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native to Colombia, found in the Magdalena and Cauca rivers, and Ecuador, in the Pastaza River. "Molluscabase - Pomacea columbiensis (Philippi, 1851)"...

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The Morona River is a tributary to the Marañón River, and flows parallel to the Pastaza River and immediately to the west of it, and is the last stream...

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on the western banks of Pastaza River, being its main inflow source the Chapuli River, and its main outflow the Rimachi River. The lands around the lake...

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Chaetostoma dermorhynchum

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where it occurs in the basins of the Pastaza River, the Bobonaza River, the Napo River, and the Curaray River in Ecuador. The species reaches 25 cm (9...

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Pastaza corydoras

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waters in South America, and is found in the Pastaza River basin in Ecuador. It is named for the river in which it is found. The fish will grow in length...

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Andeancistrus eschwartzae

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native to South America, where it occurs in the Amundalo River, which is part of the Pastaza River drainage basin in Ecuador. The species reaches 14.4 cm...

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Panaqolus nocturnus

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small catfish in the family Loricariidae found in the Santiago and Pastaza River basins in the upper Napo drainage in tropical South America. This species...

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Panaqolus dentex

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America, where it occurs in the basins of the Napo River, the Pastaza River, and the Marañón River. The species reaches 8 cm (3.1 inches) SL. "Mindat...

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Allobates fratisenescus

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It is endemic to Ecuador where it is known from the upper reaches of Pastaza River drainage, on the eastern side of the Cordillera Oriental. Its natural...

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Mashient

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jungle village within the Province of Pastaza in Ecuador. This village lies conveniently next to the large Pastaza river, in which the Province was named....

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Farlowella knerii

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armored catfish endemic to Ecuador where it occurs in the Napo and Pastaza River basins. This species grows to a length of 16.2 centimetres (6.4 in)...

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