The Oromo (pron. /ˈɒrəmoʊ/[11] Oromo: Oromoo) are a Cushitic ethnic group native to the Oromia region of Ethiopia and parts of Northern Kenya, who speak the Oromo language (also called Afaan Oromoo), which is part of the Cushitic branch of the Afroasiatic language family. They are one of the largest ethnic groups in Ethiopia.[12] According to the last Ethiopian census of 2007, the Oromo numbered 25,488,344 people or 34.5% of the Ethiopian population.[13] Recent estimates have the Oromo compromising 35.8% of the estimated 116,000,000 Ethiopian population placing Oromos at a population of 41,000,000 [14]
The Oromo people traditionally used the gadaa system as the primary form of governance.[15][16] A leader is elected by the gadaa system and their term lasts eight years, with an election taking place at the end of those eight years.[17][18][19] Although most modern Oromos are Muslims and Christians, about 3% practice Waaqeffanna, the native ancient Cushitic monotheistic religion of Oromos.[20] The significant Oromo population can be attributed to their historical conquests and invasions in various regions, where they often assimulated the indigenous populations. [21]
^"Population and Housing Census: Ethnic Affiliation". knbs.or.ke. Kenya National Bureau of Statistics. Archived from the original on 12 May 2013. Retrieved 21 May 2019. 210,000 Borana, 110,500 Gabra,85,000 Orma, 45,200 Sakuyye and 20,000 Waata
^"Oromo, West Central". Ethnologue. Retrieved 27 September 2023.
^"Refworld | World Directory of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples - Somalia".
^"Oromo Community of Minnesota | CareerForce". www.careerforcemn.com.
^Australian Bureau of Statistics 2021, Census of Population and Housing: Cultural diversity data summary, 2021, 28 June 2022, Archived 10 November 2022 at the Wayback Machine
^"Census Profile, 2016 Census". Statistics Canada. Archived from the original on 23 September 2017. Retrieved 29 January 2018.
^"Ethiopia and the Oromo People: Is it possible to determine whether an Ethiopian is an ethnic Oromo by the individual's last name? What religion or religions are practiced by ethnic Oromos in Ethiopia". UNHCR Refworld. United States Bureau of Citizenship and Immigration Services. 28 April 1998.
^Joireman, Sandra F. (1997). Institutional Change in the Horn of Africa: The Allocation of Property Rights and Implications for Development. Universal-Publishers. p. 1. ISBN 1-58112-000-1.
^Sarah Tishkoff; et al. (2009). "The Genetic Structure and History of Africans and African Americans" (PDF). Science. 324 (5930): 1035–44. Bibcode:2009Sci...324.1035T. doi:10.1126/science.1172257. PMC 2947357. PMID 19407144. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 August 2017. Retrieved 7 December 2017.
^Laurie Bauer, 2007, The Linguistics Student's Handbook, Edinburgh
^"Ethiopia", The World Factbook, Central Intelligence Agency, 14 December 2022, retrieved 24 December 2022
^Central Statistical Agency, Ethiopia. "Table 2.2 Percentage Distribution of Major Ethnic Groups: 2007" (PDF). Summary and Statistical Report of the 2007 Population and Housing Census Results. United Nations Population Fund. p. 16. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 March 2009. Retrieved 15 July 2023.
^"Gada system, an indigenous democratic socio-political system of the Oromo – intangible heritage – Culture Sector – UNESCO". ich.unesco.org. Retrieved 30 May 2018.
^Harold G. Marcus A History of Ethiopia. University of California Press (1994) pp. 55 Google Books
^John Ralph Willis (2005). Slaves and Slavery in Africa: Volume Two: The Servile Estate. Routledge. pp. 122–127, 129–134, 137. ISBN 978-1-135-78017-3.
^John Ralph Willis (2005). Slaves and Slavery in Africa: Volume Two: The Servile Estate. Routledge. pp. 128–134. ISBN 978-1-135-78016-6.
^Ira M. Lapidus (2014). A History of Islamic Societies. Cambridge University Press. p. 483. ISBN 978-1-139-99150-6.
^Donald N. Levine (2014). Greater Ethiopia: The Evolution of a Multiethnic Society. University of Chicago Press. pp. 35–41. ISBN 978-0-226-22967-6.
^Pankhurst, Richard (1997). The Ethiopian Borderlands: Essays in Regional History from Ancient Times to the End of the 18th Century. The Red Sea Press. p. 281. ISBN 978-0-932415-19-6.
The Oromo (pron. /ˈɒrəmoʊ/ Oromo: Oromoo) are a Cushitic ethnic group native to the Oromia region of Ethiopia and parts of Northern Kenya, who speak the...
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