Moskal[a] is a designation used for the residents of the Grand Duchy of Moscow from the 12th to the 15th centuries.[1]
It is now sometimes used in Belarus, Ukraine, and Poland, but also in Romania, as an ethnic slur for Russians.[2][3][4] The term is generally considered to be derogatory or condescending and reciprocal to the Russian term khokhol for Ukrainians.[5] Another ethnic slur for Russians is kacap in Polish, or katsap (кацап) in Ukrainian.
Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).
^Alexander Mikaberidze (2011). Ilya Radozhitskii's Campaign Memoirs. Lulu. p. 10. ISBN 978-1-105-16871-0.
^Ryazanova-Clarke, Lara (2014). The Russian language outside the nation. Edinburgh. p. 74. ISBN 9780748668465.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^Radozhit︠s︡kiī, Ilʹi︠a︡ Timofeevich (2011). Campaign memoirs of the artilleryman. Tbilisi, Georgia. p. 10. ISBN 978-1-105-16871-0.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^Benjamin Harshav (1986). American Yiddish Poetry: A Bilingual Anthology. University of California Press. p. 559. ISBN 978-0-520-04842-3.
^Thompson, Ewa Majewska (1991). The Search for self-definition in Russian literature. Vol. 27. John Benjamins Publishing Company. p. 22. ISBN 9027222134.
Moskal is a designation used for the residents of the Grand Duchy of Moscow from the 12th to the 15th centuries. It is now sometimes used in Belarus, Ukraine...
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meaning it has the same meaning in different languages. Moskal, Ukrainian: москаль, Polish: moskal, Russian: москаль, German: moskowiter Ukraine, Belarus...
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Nawałka (2008–09) Robert Moskal (2010) Dariusz Fornalak (2010) Wojciech Stawowy (2010–11) Rafał Górak (2011–13) Kazimierz Moskal (2013–14) Artur Skowronek...
Southeast Asia. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. p. 193. Moskal, Greg (2004). Modern Buildings: Identifying Bilateral and Rotational Symmetry...