Austronesian language, spoken by the Minangkabau of West Sumatra
Minangkabau
Baso Minangkabau بَاسُوْ مِيْنڠكَابَاوْ بَهَاسَ مِيْنَاڠكَابَاوْ
Native to
Indonesia (West Sumatra)
Region
West Sumatra, Riau, Jambi, Bengkulu, North Sumatra, Aceh (Indonesia)
Ethnicity
Minangkabau, Aneuk Jamee
Native speakers
5.5 million (2007)[1]
Language family
Austronesian
Malayo-Polynesian
disputed: Malayo-Sumbawan or Greater North Borneo
Malayic
Minangkabau
Dialects
West Sumatran Minangkabau, Aneuk Jamee, Pasisi, Mukomuko, Rokan, Kampar, Kuantan
Writing system
Latin Minangkabau script
Official status
Recognised minority language in
Indonesia
Aceh (Aneuk Jamee dialect)
Bengkulu
North Sumatra
Riau
West Sumatra
Regulated by
Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa
Language codes
ISO 639-2
min
ISO 639-3
min
Glottolog
mina1268
Map of Minangkabau language in Sumatra is shown by light and dark olive
Minangkabau (Minangkabau: Baso Minangkabau, Jawi script: بَاسُوْ مِيْنڠكَابَاوْ; Indonesian: Bahasa Minangkabau) is an Austronesian language spoken by the Minangkabau of West Sumatra, the western part of Riau, South Aceh Regency, the northern part of Bengkulu and Jambi, also in several cities throughout Indonesia by migrated Minangkabau.[2] The language is also a lingua franca along the western coastal region of the province of North Sumatra, and is even used in parts of Aceh, where the language is called Aneuk Jamee.
Minangkabau is similar to Malay. The relationship between the languages is characterized in different ways. Some see Minangkabau as an early variety of Malay, while others think of Minangkabau as a distinct (Malayic) language.[3]
Minangkabau is one of a few languages that generally lacks verb forms and grammatical subject-object distinctions.[4]
Although Minangkabau is still commonly spoken amongst the Minangkabau people, education specific to the culture in urbanizing locations is slowly being erased as it is deemed less and less important in West Sumatra. The Minangkabau language is deemed as "informal" in the urban regions of Padang, with the Indonesian language being preferred instead in formal institutions. Youth in the city will frequently use a mixture of conversational Minang and Indonesian slang.
^Minangkabau at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
^Kajian Serba Linguistik : Untuk Anton Moeliono Pereksa Bahasa (2000)
^Khaidir Anwar (1976), "Minangkabau, Background of the main pioneers of modern standard Malay in Indonesia", Archipel, 12 (1): 77–93, doi:10.3406/arch.1976.1296
^Sophie Elizabeth Crouch (2009), Voice and verb morphology in Minangkabau, a language of West Sumatra, Indonesia. Master's thesis
and 28 Related for: Minangkabau language information
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