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Max Planck information


Max Karl Planck

ForMemRS
Planck in 1938
Born
Max Karl Ernst Ludwig Planck

(1858-04-23)23 April 1858
Kiel, Duchy of Holstein, German Confederation
Died4 October 1947(1947-10-04) (aged 89)
Göttingen, Lower Saxony, Bizone, Allied-occupied Germany
EducationUniversity of Munich (PhD, 1879)
Known forQuantum theory and
See full List
Spouses
Marie Merck
(m. 1887; died 1909)
Marga von Hösslin
(m. 1911)
Children5
Awards
  • Nobel Prize in Physics for his quantum theory (1918)
  • Foreign Associate of the National Academy of Sciences (1926)
  • Lorentz Medal (1927)
  • Copley Medal (1929)
  • Max Planck Medal (1929)
  • Goethe Prize (1945)
Scientific career
FieldsPhysics
Institutions
  • University of Kiel
  • University of Göttingen
  • Kaiser Wilhelm Society
ThesisÜber den zweiten Hauptsatz der mechanischen Wärmetheorie (On the Second Principles of Mechanical Heat Theory) (1879)
Doctoral advisor
  • Alexander von Brill
  • Gustav Kirchhoff
  • Hermann von Helmholtz
Doctoral students
  • Erich Kretschmann
  • Gustav Ludwig Hertz
  • Julius Edgar Lilienfeld
  • Max Abraham
  • Max von Laue
  • Moritz Schlick
  • Walter Schottky
  • Walther Bothe
  • Walther Meissner
  • Richard Becker
Other notable students
  • Wolfgang Köhler
  • Lise Meitner
Signature

Max Karl Ernst Ludwig Planck ForMemRS[1] (English: /ˈplæŋk/,[2] German: [maks ˈplaŋk] ;[3] 23 April 1858 – 4 October 1947) was a German theoretical physicist whose discovery of energy quanta won him the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1918.[4]

Planck made many substantial contributions to theoretical physics, but his fame as a physicist rests primarily on his role as the originator of quantum theory,[5] which revolutionized understanding of atomic and subatomic processes. He is known for Planck's constant, which is of foundational importance for quantum physics, and which he used to derive a set of units, today called Planck units, expressed only in terms of fundamental physical constants.

Planck was twice president of the German scientific institution Kaiser Wilhelm Society. In 1948, it was renamed the Max Planck Society (Max-Planck-Gesellschaft) and nowadays includes 83 institutions representing a wide range of scientific directions.

  1. ^ Born, M. (1948). "Max Karl Ernst Ludwig Planck. 1858–1947". Obituary Notices of Fellows of the Royal Society. 6 (17): 161–188. doi:10.1098/rsbm.1948.0024.
  2. ^ "Planck's constant" Archived 15 December 2018 at the Wayback Machine. Cambridge Dictionary.
  3. ^ "Planck" Archived 26 December 2014 at the Wayback Machine. Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary.
  4. ^ The Nobel Prize in Physics 1918 Archived 5 September 2015 at the Wayback Machine. Nobelprize.org. Retrieved on 5 July 2011.
  5. ^ Fraenkel, Abraham (2016). Recollections of a Jewish Mathematician in Germany. Basel, Switzerland: Birkhäuser. p. 96. ISBN 978-3-319-30845-6.

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constant was postulated by Max Planck in 1900 as a proportionality constant needed to explain experimental black-body radiation. Planck later referred to the...

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