This is a list of bird species recorded in South America. South America is the "Bird Continent": It boasts records of 3481 species, more than any other. (Much larger Eurasia is second with 3407.) Colombia's list alone numbers 1904 confirmed species, and both Brazil's and Peru's confirmed lists also exceed 1850. Of the continent's species, 2526 are endemic, significantly more than Eurasia's approximately 2300. Nine entire families, containing 21 species, are endemic to the continent.[1][2][3]
Of the 2526 endemic species, 238 are found only in Brazil and 337 are only in one of 12 other countries and territories. Seventeen of the 3481 total species have been introduced to South America. In addition, 106 of the species are vagrants to the continent, with only a few records, and some have made only a single appearance. Twenty-nine species have been recorded in all 18 countries and territories addressed here.[2]
The list includes birds confirmed in mainland South America, islands within 1200 km of its Atlantic and Pacific coasts, and the Caribbean countries and territories of Aruba, Bonaire, Curaçao, and Trinidad and Tobago. Major offshore entities include the Falkland Islands (Islas las Malvinas), the Galápagos Islands, and the Juan Fernandez Islands. Waters within 200 nautical miles of these lands are also included.[1]
Unless otherwise noted, the list of species is that of the South American Classification Committee (SACC) of the American Ornithological Society (AOS). The list's taxonomy (names and sequence of orders, families, and species) is also that of the SACC unless noted otherwise. The list does not include domestic birds or escaped and introduced species which do not have established populations. It also does not include the results of species splits and other changes which have been accepted by the SACC but not finalized.[1]
The following tags annotate many species:
(E-SA) - Endemic to South America and present in more than one country (1951 species)
(E-AR) - Endemic to Argentina (18 species)
(E-BO) - Endemic to Bolivia (15 species)
(E-BR) - Endemic to Brazil (238 species)
(E-CH) - Endemic to Chile (12 species)
(E-CO) - Endemic to Colombia (84 species)
(E-EC) - Endemic to mainland Ecuador (8 species)
(E-GA) - Endemic to the Galápagos Islands of Ecuador (31 species)
(E-FA) - Endemic to the Falkland Islands (2 species)
(E-FG) - Endemic to French Guiana (1 species)
(E-PE) - Endemic to Peru (118 species)
(E-SU) - Endemic to Suriname (1 species)
(E-TT) - Endemic to Trinidad and Tobago (2 species)
(E-VE) - Endemic to Venezuela (45 species)
(V) - Vagrant to South America or the islands included in this list
(I) - Introduced to South America and established there
(All) - Recorded in all 18 countries and territories
^ abcRemsen, J. V., Jr., J. I. Areta, E. Bonaccorso, S. Claramunt, G. Del-Rio, A. Jaramillo, D. F. Lane, M. B. Robbins, F. G. Stiles, and K. J. Zimmer. Version 4 March 2024. A classification of the bird species of South America. American Ornithological Society. https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm retrieved March 5, 2024
^ abRemsen, J. V., Jr., J. I. Areta, E. Bonaccorso, S. Claramunt, G. Del-Rio, A. Jaramillo, D. F. Lane, M. B. Robbins, F. G. Stiles, and K. J. Zimmer. Version 4 March 2024. Species Lists of Birds for South American Countries and Territories. https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCCountryLists.htm retrieved March 5, 2024
^Clements, J. F., P.C. Rasmussen, T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, T. A. Fredericks, J. A. Gerbracht, D. Lepage, A. Spencer, S. M. Billerman, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2023. The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2023. Downloaded from https://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/ retrieved October 28, 2023
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