Global Information Lookup Global Information

Liberal feminism information


Liberal feminism, also called mainstream feminism,[a] is a main branch of feminism defined by its focus on achieving gender equality through political and legal reform within the framework of liberal democracy and informed by a human rights perspective. It is often considered culturally progressive and economically center-right to center-left. As the oldest of the "Big Three" schools of feminist thought,[1] liberal feminism has its roots in 19th century first-wave feminism seeking recognition of women as equal citizens, focusing particularly on women's suffrage and access to education, the effort associated with 19th century liberalism and progressivism. Liberal feminism "works within the structure of mainstream society to integrate women into that structure."[2] Liberal feminism places great emphasis on the public world, especially laws, political institutions, education and working life, and considers the denial of equal legal and political rights as the main obstacle to equality. As such liberal feminists have worked to bring women into the political mainstream. Liberal feminism is inclusive and socially progressive, while broadly supporting existing institutions of power in liberal democratic societies, and is associated with centrism and reformism. Liberal feminism tends to be adopted by white middle-class women who do not disagree with the current social structure;[3] Zhang and Rios found that liberal feminism with its focus on equality is viewed as the dominant and "default" form of feminism.[3] Liberal feminism actively supports men's involvement in feminism and both women and men have always been active participants in the movement; progressive men had an important role alongside women in the struggle for equal political rights since the movement was launched in the 19th century.[4]

Historically, liberal feminism largely grew out of and was often associated with social liberalism; the modern liberal feminist tradition notably includes both social liberal and social democratic streams, as well as many often diverging schools of thought such as equality feminism, social feminism, care-ethical liberal feminism, equity feminism, difference feminism, conservative liberal feminism, and liberal socialist feminism.[5] Some forms of modern liberal feminism have been described as neoliberal feminism[6] or "boardroom feminism".[7] Liberal feminism is often closely associated with liberal internationalism. In many countries, particularly in the West but also in a number of secular states in the developing world, liberal feminism is associated with the concept of state feminism, and liberal feminism emphasizes constructive cooperation with the government and involvement in parliamentary and legislative processes to pursue reforms.[4] Liberal feminism is also called "mainstream feminism", "reformist feminism", "egalitarian feminism", or historically "bourgeois feminism" (or bourgeois-liberal feminism), among other names.[8][9] As one of the "Big Three" schools of feminist thought,[1] liberal feminism is often contrasted with socialist/Marxist feminism and radical feminism: unlike them, liberal feminism seeks gradual social progress and equality on the basis of liberal democracy rather than a revolution or radical reordering of society.[1][9][10][11][12][13] Liberal feminism and mainstream feminism are very broad terms, frequently taken to encompass all feminism that is not radical or revolutionary socialist/Marxist and that instead pursues equality through political, legal, and social reform within a liberal democratic framework. As such, liberal feminists may subscribe to a range of different feminist beliefs and political ideologies within the democratic spectrum from the centre-left to the centre-right.

Inherently pragmatic in orientation, liberal feminists have emphasized building far-reaching support for feminist causes among both women and men, and among the political centre, the government and legislatures. In the 21st century, liberal feminism has taken a turn toward an intersectional understanding of gender equality,[14] and modern liberal feminists support LGBT rights as a core feminist issue.[15][16] Liberal feminists typically support laws and regulations that promote gender equality and ban practices that are discriminatory towards women; mainstream liberal feminists, particularly those of a social democratic bent, often support social measures to reduce material inequality within a liberal democratic framework. While rooted in first-wave feminism and traditionally focused on political and legal reform, the broader liberal feminist tradition may include parts of subsequent waves of feminism, especially third-wave feminism and fourth-wave feminism. The sunflower and the color gold, taken to represent enlightenment, became widely used symbols of mainstream liberal feminism and women's suffrage from the 1860s, originally in the United States and later also in parts of Europe.[17]


Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).

  1. ^ a b c Maynard, Mary (1995). "Beyond the 'big three': the development of feminist theory into the 1990s". Women's History Review. 4 (3): 259–281. doi:10.1080/09612029500200089.
  2. ^ West, Rebecca. "Kinds of Feminism". University of Alabama in Huntsville.
  3. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference ZhangRios was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  4. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference Lønnå was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  5. ^ Baehr, Amy R (2017). "A Capacious Account of Liberal Feminism". Feminist Philosophy Quarterly. 3. doi:10.5206/fpq/2016.3.4. S2CID 149339590.
  6. ^ Cite error: The named reference Rottenberg was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  7. ^ "The Corporate Mystique". The New Republic. Retrieved 11 March 2022.
  8. ^ Lindsey, Linda L. (2015). Gender Roles: A Sociological Perspective. Routledge. p. 17. ISBN 9781317348085.
  9. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference Voet was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  10. ^ Murphy, Meghan (April 11, 2014). "The divide isn't between 'sex negative' and 'sex positive' feminists — it's between liberal and radical feminism". Feminist Current. Retrieved December 24, 2017.
  11. ^ Appignanesi, Richard; Garratt, Ghris (1995). Postmodernism for beginners. Trumpington: Icon. pp. 100–101. ISBN 9781874166214.
  12. ^ MacKinnon, Catharine A. (2013). "Sexuality". In Kolmar, Wendy K.; Barkowski, Frances (eds.). Feminist theory: a reader (4th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill Higher Education. ISBN 9780073512358.
  13. ^ Gail Dines (29 June 2011). Gail Dines on radical feminism (Video). Wheeler Centre, Sydney Writers' Festival, Melbourne via YouTube. Retrieved 24 December 2017.
  14. ^ Tong, Rosemarie (2018). Feminist Thought: A More Comprehensive Introduction. Routledge. ISBN 9780429974878. In recent years liberal feminism has taken a turn toward intersectionality
  15. ^ "Why Transphobia Is a Feminist Issue". National Organization for Women. 8 September 2014. Retrieved 24 November 2021.
  16. ^ "Core Issues". National Organization for Women. Retrieved 14 March 2022.
  17. ^ Cheris Kramarae & Paula A. Treichler (eds.), Amazons, Bluestockings and Crones: A Feminist Dictionary, Pandora Press, 1992

and 28 Related for: Liberal feminism information

Request time (Page generated in 0.8664 seconds.)

Liberal feminism

Last Update:

Liberal feminism, also called mainstream feminism, is a main branch of feminism defined by its focus on achieving gender equality through political and...

Word Count : 8038

Feminism

Last Update:

second-wave feminism and that calls for a radical reordering of society to eliminate patriarchy. Liberal, socialist, and radical feminism are sometimes...

Word Count : 20348

Liberalism

Last Update:

Equity feminism is a form of liberal feminism discussed since the 1980s, specifically a kind of classically liberal or libertarian feminism. Steven Pinker...

Word Count : 16245

Choice feminism

Last Update:

up choice feminism in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Liberal feminism Lipstick feminism Postfeminism Third-wave feminism Victim feminism Hirshman, Linda...

Word Count : 478

Difference feminism

Last Update:

Daly's feminism is essentialist. The "difference" feminist view was developed in the 1980s, in part as a reaction to popular liberal feminism (also known...

Word Count : 891

Feminist movements and ideologies

Last Update:

Traditionally feminism is often divided into three main traditions, sometimes known as the "Big Three" schools of feminist thought: liberal/mainstream feminism, radical...

Word Count : 10903

Individualist feminism

Last Update:

feminism is sometimes grouped as one of many branches of liberal feminism, but it tends to diverge significantly from 21st-century mainstream liberal...

Word Count : 1737

Social liberalism

Last Update:

has also historically been an advocate for liberal feminism among other forms social progress. Social liberals tend to find a compromise between the perceived...

Word Count : 11647

Equity feminism

Last Update:

Equity feminism is a form of liberal feminism that advocates the state's equal treatment of women and men without challenging inequalities perpetuated...

Word Count : 1952

Reactionary feminism

Last Update:

Reactionary feminism is a form of feminism that rejects the progressivist belief that human history is an ongoing arc of moral advancement and seeks to...

Word Count : 302

Timeline of feminism

Last Update:

feminism (also stylized equity-feminism) is a form of liberal feminism discussed since the 1980s, specifically a kind of classical liberal feminism and...

Word Count : 1821

Feminist political theory

Last Update:

theory Feminist political ecology Liberal feminism Libertarian feminism Marxist feminism Radical feminism Socialist feminism Politics & Gender Signs Feminist...

Word Count : 2867

Liberal internationalism

Last Update:

Liberal internationalism is a foreign policy doctrine that supports international institutions, open markets, cooperative security and liberal democracy...

Word Count : 1114

List of political ideologies

Last Update:

feminism Liberal feminism Equity feminism Libertarian feminism Lipstick feminism Neo-feminism Material feminism Maternal feminism Post-modern feminism Pro-feminism...

Word Count : 7269

Liberal

Last Update:

a Liberal Party (See also Liberal parties by country) Liberalism (international relations) Sexually liberal feminism Social liberalism El Liberal, a...

Word Count : 200

Liberal conservatism

Last Update:

Liberal conservatism is a political ideology combining conservative policies with liberal stances, especially on economic issues but also on social and...

Word Count : 5106

Radical feminism

Last Update:

systems (as in liberal feminism) or class conflict (as in Marxist feminism). Early radical feminism, arising within second-wave feminism in the 1960s,...

Word Count : 9112

Civic nationalism

Last Update:

known as democratic nationalism and liberal nationalism, is a form of nationalism that adheres to traditional liberal values of freedom, tolerance, equality...

Word Count : 1745

Economic liberalism

Last Update:

to these precepts may be described as a liberal economy or operating under liberal capitalism. Economic liberals commonly adhere to a political and economic...

Word Count : 1547

Individualism

Last Update:

Existential Individualism: Implications for Feminism". The Politics of Individualism: Liberalism, Liberal Feminism and Anarchism. Black Rose Books Ltd. Publishing...

Word Count : 14456

Boba liberal

Last Update:

Boba liberal is a term mostly used within the Asian communities in the West, especially in the United States. It describes someone of East or Southeast...

Word Count : 910

Feminism in Pakistan

Last Update:

Pakistan can be found in two forms one is Secular Liberal Feminism and the second is Islamic Feminism. According to Zia, Feminist movement in Pakistan...

Word Count : 3313

Feminism in international relations

Last Update:

Nations) is more reflective of the liberal feminist emphasis on equality of opportunity for women. In regards to feminism in International Relations, some...

Word Count : 5202

Timeline of feminism in the United States

Last Update:

feminism (also stylized equity-feminism) is a form of liberal feminism discussed since the 1980s, specifically a kind of classical liberal feminism and...

Word Count : 1261

Limousine liberal

Last Update:

Limousine liberal and latte liberal are pejorative U.S. political terms used to illustrate hypocritical behavior by political liberals of upper class or...

Word Count : 1127

State feminism

Last Update:

situation in Norway, which had a tradition of government-supported liberal feminism dating back to the 1880s, and is often used when discussing the government-supported...

Word Count : 3129

Religious liberalism

Last Update:

liberalism proved inconclusive in a 1973 study in Illinois. Usage of the term liberal in the context of religious philosophy appeared as early as the mid-19th...

Word Count : 2972

Conservative liberalism

Last Update:

liberalism, combining liberal values and policies with conservative stances, or simply representing the right-wing of the liberal movement. In the case...

Word Count : 4958

PDF Search Engine © AllGlobal.net