Major component of the American criminal justice system
NYPD officers outside a police station in Times Square, New York City in 2021
Law enforcement in the United States
Law
Courts
Corrections
Separation of powers
Legislative
Executive
Judicial
Jurisdiction
Federal
Tribal
State
County
Local
Military
Legal context
Criminal procedure
Reasonable suspicion
Probable cause
Miranda warning
Arrest
Arrest warrant
Searches and seizures
Terry stop
Actual innocence
Criminal investigation
Criminal psychology
Prosecution
U.S. Attorney
State attorney general
State's attorney and district attorney
Lists of law enforcement agencies
Federal
State and local
State corrections
District of Columbia
Police operations/organization/issues
Police certification and licensure
Internal affairs
Police union
Ranks
Uniforms
Decorations
Police vehicles
Ethics
Deadly force
Killings by law enforcement
Militarization of police
Police reform
Body camera
D.A.R.E.
Traffic stop
Informants
Criminal justice reform
Women in law enforcement
Gangs in law enforcement
Types of agency
State police / highway patrol
State bureau of investigation
Campus police
Park police
Coast Guard
Special police
Military police
Types of law enforcement officers
Patrol officer
Detective
SWAT
Police dog (K-9)
Sheriff and sheriff's deputy
Bailiff
County detective
State trooper
Game wardens
Tribal officer
Indian agent
Lighthorse
Correction officer
Probation and parole officer
Probation officer
Park ranger
Federal air marshal
Marshal and deputy marshal
Special agent
See also
Private police
Police dispatcher
Coroner
Medical examiner
Medical jurisprudence
Crime
Terrorism
Criminology
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Criminal law
Elements
Actus reus
Mens rea
Causation
Concurrence
Scope of criminal liability
Accessory
Accomplice
Complicity
Corporate
Principal
Vicarious
Severity of offense
Felony (or Indictable offense)
Infraction (also called violation)
Misdemeanor (or Summary offense)
Inchoate offenses
Attempt
Conspiracy
Incitement
Solicitation
Offense against the person
Assassination
Assault
Battery
Child abuse
Criminal negligence
Defamation
Domestic violence
False imprisonment
Frameup
Harassment
Home invasion
Homicide
Human trafficking
Intimidation
Kidnapping
Menacing
Manslaughter (corporate)
Mayhem
Murder
felony
Negligent homicide
Robbery
Stalking
Torture
Sexual offenses
Adultery
Bigamy
Child sexual abuse
Cybersex trafficking
Fornication
Homosexuality
Incest
Indecent exposure
Masturbation
Obscenity
Prostitution
Rape
Sex trafficking
Sexual assault
Sexual slavery
Voyeurism
Crimes against property
Arson
Arms trafficking
Blackmail
Bribery
Burglary
Embezzlement
Extortion
False pretenses
Forgery
Fraud
Gambling
Intellectual property violation
Larceny
Looting
Payola
Pickpocketing
Possessing stolen property
Robbery
Smuggling
Tax evasion
Theft
Trespass to land
Vandalism, Mischief
Crimes against justice
Compounding
Malfeasance in office
Miscarriage of justice
Misprision
Obstruction
Perjury
Perverting the course of justice
Crimes against the public
Apostasy
Begging
Censorship violation
Dueling
Genocide
Hostage-taking
Illegal consumption (such as prohibition of drugs, alcohol, and smoking)
Miscegenation
Piracy
Regicide
Terrorism
Usurpation
War crimes
Crimes against animals
Cruelty to animals
Poaching
Wildlife smuggling
Bestiality
Crimes against the state
Lèse-majesté
Treason
Espionage
Secession
Sedition
Subversion
Defenses to liability
Actual innocence
Automatism
Consent
Defense of property
Diminished responsibility
Duress
Entrapment
Ignorantia juris non excusat
Infancy
Insanity
Justification
Mistake (of law)
Necessity
Provocation
Self-defense
Other common-law areas
Contracts
Defenses
Evidence
Property
Torts
Wills, trusts and estates
Portals
Law
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As of 2020[update], more than 800,000 sworn law enforcement officers have been serving in the United States. About 137,000 of those officers work for federal law enforcement agencies.[1]
Law enforcement operates primarily through governmental police agencies. There are 17,985 police agencies in the United States which include local police departments, county sheriff's offices, state troopers, and federal law enforcement agencies. The law enforcement purposes of these agencies are the investigation of suspected criminal activity, referral of the results of investigations to state or federal prosecutors, and the temporary detention of suspected criminals pending judicial action. Law enforcement agencies, are also commonly charged with the responsibilities of deterring criminal activity and preventing the successful commission of crimes in progress. Other duties may include the service and enforcement of warrants, writs, and other orders of the courts.
Law enforcement agencies are also involved in providing first response to emergencies and other threats to public safety; the protection of certain public facilities and infrastructure, such as private property; the maintenance of public order; the protection of public officials; and the operation of some detention facilities (usually at the local level).
^"Federal Law Enforcement Officers, 2020 – Statistical Tables". Bureau of Justice Statistics. September 29, 2022. Retrieved January 12, 2023.
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