Plan of the LHC experiments and the preaccelerators.
LHC experiments
ATLAS
A Toroidal LHC Apparatus
CMS
Compact Muon Solenoid
LHCb
LHC-beauty
ALICE
A Large Ion Collider Experiment
TOTEM
Total Cross Section, Elastic Scattering and Diffraction Dissociation
LHCf
LHC-forward
MoEDAL
Monopole and Exotics Detector At the LHC
FASER
ForwArd Search ExpeRiment
SND
Scattering and Neutrino Detector
LHC preaccelerators
p and Pb
Linear accelerators for protons (Linac 4) and lead (Linac 3)
(not marked)
Proton Synchrotron Booster
PS
Proton Synchrotron
SPS
Super Proton Synchrotron
CERN Complex
Current particle and nuclear facilities
LHC
Accelerates protons and heavy ions
LEIR
Accelerates ions
SPS
Accelerates protons and ions
PSB
Accelerates protons
PS
Accelerates protons or ions
Linac 3
Injects heavy ions into LEIR
Linac4
Accelerates ions
AD
Decelerates antiprotons
ELENA
Decelerates antiprotons
ISOLDE
Produces radioactive ion beams
MEDICIS
Produces isotopes for medical purposes
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is the world's largest and highest-energy particle collider.[1][2] It was built by the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) between 1998 and 2008 in collaboration with over 10,000 scientists and hundreds of universities and laboratories across more than 100 countries.[3] It lies in a tunnel 27 kilometres (17 mi) in circumference and as deep as 175 metres (574 ft) beneath the France–Switzerland border near Geneva.
The first collisions were achieved in 2010 at an energy of 3.5 teraelectronvolts (TeV) per beam, about four times the previous world record.[4][5] The discovery of the Higgs boson at the LHC was announced in 2012. Between 2013 and 2015, the LHC was shut down and upgraded; after those upgrades it reached 6.5 TeV per beam (13.0 TeV total collision energy).[6][7][8][9] At the end of 2018, it was shut down for maintenance and further upgrades, reopening over three years later in April 2022.[10]
The collider has four crossing points where the accelerated particles collide. Nine detectors,[11] each designed to detect different phenomena, are positioned around the crossing points. The LHC primarily collides proton beams, but it can also accelerate beams of heavy ions, such as in lead–lead collisions and proton–lead collisions.[12]
The LHC's goal is to allow physicists to test the predictions of different theories of particle physics, including measuring the properties of the Higgs boson,[13] searching for the large family of new particles predicted by supersymmetric theories,[14] and studying other unresolved questions in particle physics.
^"The Large Hadron Collider". CERN. 28 June 2023.
^Joel Achenbach (March 2012). "The God Particle". National Geographic Magazine. Archived from the original on 25 February 2008. Retrieved 25 February 2008.
^Highfield, Roger (16 September 2008). "Large Hadron Collider: Thirteen ways to change the world". The Daily Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on 24 September 2009. Retrieved 10 October 2008.
^"CERN LHC sees high-energy success". BBC News. 30 March 2010. Retrieved 30 March 2010.
^"LHC to run at 4 TeV per beam in 2012". Media and Press Relations (Press release). CERN. 13 February 2012.
^Cite error: The named reference BBC was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^O'Luanaigh, Cian. "Proton beams are back in the LHC". CERN. Retrieved 24 April 2015.
^Rincon, Paul (3 June 2015). "Large Hadron Collider turns on 'data tap'". Retrieved 28 August 2015.
^Webb, Jonathan (21 May 2015). "LHC smashes energy record with test collisions". Retrieved 28 August 2015.
^"2022 Digital Media Kit: Higgs10, LHC Run 3 and restart". CERN. 7 October 2023. Retrieved 10 October 2023.
^"Facts and figures about the LHC". CERN. Retrieved 17 April 2023.
^"Time for lead collisions in the LHC". CERN. 7 October 2023. Retrieved 10 October 2023.
^"Missing Higgs". CERN. 2008. Retrieved 10 October 2008.
^"Towards a superforce". CERN. 2008. Retrieved 10 October 2008.
and 26 Related for: Large Hadron Collider information
The LargeHadronCollider (LHC) is the world's largest and highest-energy particle collider. It was built by the European Organization for Nuclear Research...
The High Luminosity LargeHadronCollider (HL-LHC; formerly referred to as HiLumi LHC) is an upgrade to the LargeHadronCollider, operated by the European...
physics by collidinghadrons. A hadroncollider uses tunnels to accelerate, store, and collide two particle beams. Only a few hadroncolliders have been...
electron/positron colliders such as the International Linear Collider and the Compact Linear Collider. The study explores the potential of hadron and lepton...
colliders Fixed-target experiment Large Electron–Positron ColliderLargeHadronCollider Very LargeHadronCollider Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider International...
site of the LargeHadronCollider (LHC), the world's largest and highest-energy particle collider. The main site at Meyrin hosts a large computing facility...
This is a list of experiments at CERN's LargeHadronCollider (LHC). The LHC is the most energetic particle collider in the world, and is used to test the...
leading role in one of the two major experiments planned for the LargeHadronCollider, a 17-mile (27 km)-long, $5 billion, super-cooled tunnel outside...
beams. Large accelerators are used for fundamental research in particle physics. The largest accelerator currently active is the LargeHadronCollider (LHC)...
"The Undulator Radiation Collider: An Energy Efficient Design for a s=15 GeV{\displaystyle {\sqrt {s}}=15~{\text{GeV}}} Collider". arXiv:1704.04469 [physics...
project leader of the LargeHadronCollider in Switzerland. Based at CERN, in 2012 he became the director of the Linear Collider Collaboration, an international...
Batavia, Illinois, and was the highest energy particle collider until the LargeHadronCollider (LHC) of the European Organization for Nuclear Research...
leading universities, sent a large team of scientists and engineers to CERN to participate in the LargeHadronCollider on 10 September 2008. According...
collisions. For the announcement of 4 July 2012, a new collider known as the LargeHadronCollider was constructed at CERN with a planned eventual collision...
Switzerland near Geneva, with first beams starting by the time the LargeHadronCollider (LHC) has finished operations around 2035. The CLIC accelerator...
Exotic hadronHadron therapy, a.k.a. particle therapy Hadronization, the formation of hadrons out of quarks and gluons LargeHadronCollider (LHC) List...
ions and 250 GeV for protons. As of November 7, 2010, the LargeHadronCollider (LHC) has collided heavy ions of lead at higher energies than RHIC. The LHC...
generation detector for the new proton-proton collider (7 TeV + 7 TeV) called the LargeHadronCollider (LHC) which is now operational in the existing...
LargeHadronCollider. Popular concerns have then been raised over end-of-the-world scenarios (see Safety of particle collisions at the LargeHadron Collider)...
not have. Ultimately the search led to the construction of the LargeHadronCollider (LHC) in Geneva, Switzerland, the largest particle accelerator in...
accelerator in the world, is the 27-kilometre-circumference (17 mi) LargeHadronCollider (LHC) near Geneva, Switzerland, built in 2008 by the European Organization...
Tevatron, which collided protons and antiprotons and was the highest-energy particle collider on earth until the LargeHadronCollider surpassed it on...
Global Information
