Dominican Republic's Father of the Nation (1813–1876)
In this Spanish name, the first or paternal surname is Duarte and the second or maternal family name is Díez.
Padre de la Patria
Juan Pablo Duarte
Oil portrait of Juan Pablo Duarte by Dominican artist Abelardo Rodríguez Urdaneta.
Born
January 26, 1813 (1813-01-26)
Santo Domingo, Captaincy General of Santo Domingo
Died
July 15, 1876 (1876-07-16) (aged 63)
Caracas, United States of Venezuela
Resting place
Altar de la Patria
Nationality
Dominican
Occupations
Activist
Writer
Military General
Politician
Educator
Independence leader
Years active
1833–1876
Organization
La Trinitaria
Title
Father of the Nation
Political party
Central Government Junta
Parents
Juan José Duarte (father)
Manuela Díez Jiménez (mother)
Relatives
Vicente Celestino (brother)
Maria Josefa (sister)
Manuel (brother)
Ana Maria (sister)
Manuel (brother)
Filomena (sister)
Rosa Duarte (sister)
Juana Bautista (sister)
Manuel Amáralos María (brother)
María Francisca (sister)
Awards
National hero
Honours
Order of Merit of Duarte, Sánchez and Mella
Military career
Allegiance
Dominican Republic
Service/branch
Haitian Army
Haitian National Guard
Dominican Army
Liberation Army
Restoration Army
Years of service
1834–1876
Rank
Brigadier General
Battles/wars
Dominican War of Independence Dominican Restoration War
Signature
Juan Pablo Duarte y Díez (26 January 1813 – 15 July 1876)[1] was a Dominican military leader, writer, activist, and nationalist politician who was the foremost of the founding fathers of the Dominican Republic and bears the title of Father of the Nation. As one of the most celebrated figures in Dominican history, Duarte is considered a folk hero and revolutionary visionary in the modern Dominican Republic, who along with military generals Ramón Matías Mella and Francisco del Rosario Sánchez, organized and promoted La Trinitaria, a secret society that eventually led to the Dominican revolt and independence from Haitian rule in 1844 and the start of the Dominican War of Independence.
Born into a middle-upper class family in 1813, his desire for knowledge and his dreams of improvement led him to Europe, where he strengthened his liberal ideas. These ideas formulated the outline for establishing an independent Dominican state. Upon returning, he voluntarily dedicated himself to teaching in the streets, improvising a school in his father's business, determined that the people of his era assimilate his ideals of revolutionary enlightenment.
Duarte became an officer in the National Guard and a year later in 1843 he participated in the "Reformist Revolution" against the dictatorship of Jean-Pierre Boyer of Haiti, which occupied Santo Domingo since over 20 years. After the defeat of the Haitians and the proclamation of the Dominican Republic in 1844, the Board formed to designate the first ruler of the nation and elected Duarte by a strong majority vote to preside over the nation but he declined the proposal, while Tomás Bobadilla took office instead.[2]
Duarte helped inspire and finance the Dominican War of Independence, paying a heavy toll which would eventually ruin him financially. Duarte also disagreed strongly with royalist and pro-annexation sectors in the nation, especially with the wealthy caudillo and military strongman Pedro Santana, who sought to rejoin the Spanish Empire. From these struggles, Santana emerged victorious while Duarte suffered in exile, despite coming back a few times, Duarte lived most of his remaining years in Venezuela until his death in 1876.
^"Juan Pablo Duarte Biography". Biography.com. 2010. Archived from the original on 2010-09-11. Retrieved 2010-07-26.
^"Biografia de Juan Pablo Duarte". Archived from the original on 2019-01-21.
JuanPabloDuarte y Díez (26 January 1813 – 15 July 1876) was a Dominican military leader, writer, activist, and nationalist politician who was the foremost...
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small numbers. In 1976 a new coin series was introduced featuring JuanPabloDuarte, and in 1983 another series was released featuring various other figures...
Downtown Santo Domingo in between what is Naco and Centro Olimpico JuanPabloDuarte. Sometimes it is also grouped together as part of Naco due to its...
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president. Nationalist Dominican forces in eastern Hispaniola led by JuanPabloDuarte seized control of Santo Domingo on 27 February 1844. The Haitian forces...
proclaimed on February 27, 1844, when a group of young patriots led by JuanPabloDuarte and other prominent Dominican leaders rebelled against Haitian rule...
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prominent family. At the age of sixteen, Acosta became a good friend of JuanPabloDuarte. Acosta became a member of the secret patriotic society, La Trinitaria...
would give rise to many anti-Haitian plots.[citation needed] In 1838, JuanPabloDuarte, an educated nationalist, founded a resistance movement called La...
generals on the independence side. Other prominent figures such as JuanPabloDuarte and Matías Ramón Mella, (two of the legendary trio response for shaking...
imposed heavy taxes on the Dominican people.[page needed] In 1838, JuanPabloDuarte founded a secret society called La Trinitaria, which sought the complete...
3 May 1843, the Santana brothers were considered by their leader, JuanPabloDuarte, for the conspiracy that sought the separation of Santo Domingo from...
Pico Duarte, in honor of JuanPabloDuarte, one of the Dominican Republic's founding fathers. At the summit is an east-facing bronze bust of Duarte atop...
houses the remains of the founding fathers of the Dominican Republic: JuanPabloDuarte, Francisco del Rosario Sánchez, and Ramón Matías Mella, collectively...
his charitable activities and personal achievements earned him the JuanPabloDuarte Order of Merit and the Order of Cristóbal Colón. Baseball is by far...
which opened in April 2013, is meant to relieve the congestion along the Duarte-Kennedy-Centenario Corridor in the city from west to east. The current length...
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Dominican Republic
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